水稻对砷的吸收与转运机理及农艺阻控策略  

Mechanisms of Arsenic Uptake and Transport in Rice and Agronomic Mitigation Strategies

作　　者：吴金水 唐江英 谭立 过志强 杨娟 张鑫臻 陈桂芳 王建龙[1,2] 施婉菊 WU Jinshui;TANG Jiangying;TAN Li;GUO Zhiqiang;YANG Juan;ZHANG Xinzhen;CHEN Guifang;WANG Jianlong;SHI Wanju(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Cadmium Low Accumulation Rice Engineering Research Center/Hunan Jinjian Seed Industry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410126,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省镉低积累水稻工程技术研究中心/湖南金健种业科技有限公司,长沙410126

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2025年第2期143-155,共13页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CARS-01-66)。

摘　　要：近年来,土壤中的砷污染问题日益严重。砷不仅对水稻的产量和品质产生负面影响,还通过食物链进入人体,严重威胁人类健康。因此,减少水稻中砷的积累已成为保障粮食质量安全和促进水稻产业发展亟待解决的问题。深入研究水稻对砷的吸收、转运与积累机制,并积极探索减少砷累积的农艺栽培措施,是解决稻米砷超标的有效途径。本文概述了水稻根部对土壤中不同形态砷的吸收及其在水稻植株内的转运与积累的生理及分子机制。从水稻品种、土壤理化性质、土壤养分和微生物等方面阐述了影响水稻砷吸收和积累的因素,并从水分和养分管理两方面重点概述了栽培措施对减少水稻砷吸收和积累的调控作用及机理。结合现有研究成果,对未来水稻砷污染防治的研究方向进行了展望,旨在为减少水稻籽粒砷含量的研究提供参考。In recent years,the issue of arsenic contamination in soils has become increasingly severe.Arsenic not only negatively impacts the yield and quality of rice,but also enters the human body through the food chain,posing a serious threat to human health.Therefore,reducing arsenic accumulation in rice has become an urgent problem in order to ensure food safety and promote the development of the rice industry.In-depth research into the mechanisms of arsenic uptake,translocation,and accumulation in rice,along with the active exploration of agronomic cultivation measures to reduce arsenic accumulation,represents an effective approach to addressing excessive arsenic levels in rice grains.This paper provides an overview of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the uptake of different forms of arsenic from soil by rice roots,as well as its translocation and accumulation within rice plants.Factors influencing arsenic uptake and accumulation in rice,such as rice varieties,soil physicochemical properties,soil nutrients,and microorganisms,are discussed.Additionally,the regulatory effects and mechanisms of cultivation practices,particularly water and nutrient management,on reducing arsenic uptake and accumulation in rice are highlighted.Building on existing research findings,future directions for arsenic pollution prevention and control in rice are proposed,aiming to provide a reference for studies focused on reducing arsenic content in rice grains.

关 键 词：水稻 砷 吸收 积累 农艺措施 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173[农业科学—作物学] S511