公共财产的宪法规范内涵:法律属性、制度功能与实践类型  

The Constitutional Norm Logic of Public Property: Nature, Function and Type

作　　者：王海洋 WANG Haiyang

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学法学院

出　　处：《中德法学论坛》2023年第2期99-114,共16页

基　　金：广东省法学会“民办养老机构促进法治路径研究”[GDLS(2024)C13]的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：社会主义公共财产既是人的自由与全面发展和劳动者共同富裕的物质基础,也是经济发展和国家富强的重要保证。《宪法》第12条明确规定对社会主义公共财产的保护,还赋予其“神圣不可侵犯”的宪法地位。从规范上讲,社会主义公共财产的法律性质应当解释为公法上的制度,其制度目的是实现特定的公共功能,包括公众使用功能、行政使用功能、基本的生存和生活保障功能以及生态保障功能。以此标准来看,我国宪法和法律上规定的国家所有财产、集体所有财产并不都是公共财产,只有国家所有和集体所有的财产中服务于公共功能的财产才是社会主义公共财产。同时,私人所有的财产若以承担公共功能为主要职能,在保障私有财产作为制度存在的前提下,也有可能被认定为社会主义公共财产。Socialist public property is not only the material basis for the freedom and all-round development of people and the common prosperity of workers,but also an important guarantee for economic development and national prosperity.Article 12 of the Constitution clearly stipulates the protection of socialist public property and also grants it the constitutional status of“sacred and inviolable”.From a normative point of view,the legal nature of socialist public property should be interpreted as a system of public law,the purpose of which is to achieve specific public function,including public use function,administrative use function,basic survival and life security functions,and ecological security function.According to this standard,the state-owned property and collectively-owned property stipulated in the Constitution and laws are not all public property.Only the property that serves public functions among the state-owned and collectively-owned properties is socialist public property.At the same time,if privately-owned property takes public function as its main function,it may also be identified as socialist public property on the premise of ensuring the existence of private property as a system.

关 键 词：公共财产 公共功能 所有权 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]