论伤害致死罪中的危险关联  

Zum Gefahrzusammenhang bei der K erperverletzung mit Todesfolge

作　　者： 毕海燕(译) Claus Roxin bersetzt von;BI Haiyan

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]复旦大学 [3]德国慕尼黑大学

出　　处：《中德法学论坛》2023年第2期184-199,共16页

基　　金：国家留学基金委2021年国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目(与德国慕尼黑大学合作奖学金,项目编号:202106100051)资助。

摘　　要：《德国刑法典》第227条伤害致死罪要求行为人的伤害行为与被害人的死亡结果之间存在特定的危险关联。可无论是因为介入被害人的恐慌行为还是因为介入被害人的自伤行为而导致被害人死亡,都无法肯定这一危险关联,因为此时行为人行为虽客观上具有致命危险,但主观上却缺乏危险故意。德国伤害致死罪的成立要求死亡结果的发生是基于行为人伤害故意的结果而非伴随疏忽大意的过失的结果。同时,行为人必须认识到伤害行为对被害人构成具体危险,但行为人无须认识到死亡结果以及因果流程中的所有细节。需要注意的是,在第三人介入的场合下,如果第三人无意识的行为积极导致死亡后果则不排除伤害致死罪所要求的危险关联;在行为人的伤害行为没有介入被害人心理的情况下,只要该行为与后续可预见的死亡结果存在不可避免的关联,就应当肯定行为人成立伤害致死罪。Article 227 of the German Criminal Code requires a specific danger correlation between the conductor's injury act and the victim's death.Whether it is due to the panic behavior of the victim or the self-harm behavior of the victim that leads to the victim's death,this danger correlation cannot be confirmed,because at this time,although the conductor's injury act objectively has concrete danger,subjectively lacks dangerous intent.The establishment of the Crime for Injuring with Causing Death in the German Criminal Code requires that the occurrence of the victim's death is based on the intentional injury of the conductor rather than the result of negligence.At the same time,the conductor must recognize that the injury act poses a specific danger to the victim,but the conductor does not need to be aware of all the details of the death outcome and causal process.It should be noted that in situations where the third party intervenes,if the third party's unconscious behavior actively leads to the consequences of death,the danger correlation required by the Crime for Injuring with Causing Death cannot be ruled out.When the conductor's injury act does not effect in the victim's psychology,as long as there is an inevitable correlation between the conductor's injury act and the foreseeable subsequent victim's death,the conductor should be affirmed as guilty of the Crime for Injuring with Causing Death.

关 键 词：伤害致死罪 危险关联 过失致人死亡罪 伤害罪 伤害行为 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]