增压器离心压气机多部件多目标耦合优化  

Multi-component and multi-objective coupling optimization of turbocharger centrifugal compressor

作　　者：王睿 刘正先[1] 李孝检 刘烨 Wang Rui;Liu Zhengxian;Li Xiaojian;Liu Ye(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;China North Engine Research Institute,Tianjin 300400,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院,天津300350 [2]中国北方发动机研究所,天津300400

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2025年第2期173-182,共10页Transactions of CSICE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12102298,12472238);天津市科技计划资助项目(24ZXZSSS00130)。

摘　　要：机匣处理可实现增压器离心压气机流动扩稳,但通常会引入额外的气动损失.笔者基于最优拉丁超立方采样、径向基函数(RBF)神经网络及梯度变异混合优化算法,以大流量工况、设计工况和近失速工况的效率为优化目标,实施了增压器离心压气机叶轮-机匣处理耦合优化.优化后大流量工况、设计工况和近失速工况的效率分别提升3.90%、3.02%和1.10%,压比分别提高9.28%、6.38%和4.49%,堵塞流量增大1.13%,稳定工况范围扩大0.83%.相较于实壁机匣压气机,设计工况和大流量工况的效率分别提升1.70%和0.68%.耦合优化实现了压气机全工况范围内气动性能的提升,解决了传统优化引入机匣处理后,设计工况或大流量工况气动性能下降的问题.结合设计空间全局敏感性分析及优化前、后流场对比,得到了离心压气机扩稳增效机理.s:Casing treatment improves the flow stability of turbocharger centrifugal compressors,but often leads to additional aerodynamic losses.Based on the optimal Latin hypercube sampling,radial basis function(RBF)neural network and gradient mutation hybrid optimization algorithm,a coupling optimization of the impeller and the casing treatment for a turbocharger centrifugal compressor was implemented by taking the efficiencies of the large-flow-rate condition,the design condition and the near-stall condition as the optimization objectives.Results show that the effi-ciencies of the large-flow-rate condition,the design condition and the near-stall condition are increased by 3.90%,3.02%and 1.10%,and the pressure ratios are improved by 9.28%,6.38%and 4.49%,respectively.The choke flow rate is increased by 1.13%,and the stable operating range is expanded by 0.83%.Compared with the solid casing compressor,the efficiencies of the design condition and the large-flow-rate condition are improved by 1.70%and 0.68%,respectively.The coupling optimization realizes the improvements of aerodynamic performances of the compressor in all operating conditions,and solves the problem of the traditional optimization that the aerodynamic performances of the design condition or the large-flow-rate condition decrease after introducing the casing treatment.By combining the global sensitivity analysis of the design space and the comparative analyses of the flow fields before and after optimization,the mechanisms of stability and efficiency improvements of the centrifugal compressor are obtained.

关 键 词：离心压气机 机匣处理 耦合优化 敏感性分析 扩稳增效机理 

分 类 号：TH452[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]