生物支架与细胞移植在脊髓损伤修复中的研究进展  

Advances in Biological Scaffolding and Cell Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury Repair

作　　者：王春庆 WANG Chunqing(Department of Traumatology,The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang Guizhou 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学附属医院创伤外科,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《中国医疗设备》2025年第3期146-153,共8页China Medical Devices

基　　金：贵州省科技厅科技项目(黔科合LH字[2015]7409号)。

摘　　要：脊髓损伤是脊柱骨折的严重并发症,同时也是外伤引起的神经损伤性疾病,可致损伤部位以下运动、感觉、括约肌、自主神经功能障碍,导致严重残疾。目前虽然脊柱内固定技术非常成熟,但针对脊髓损伤恢复的治疗方法有限,且疗效不确切。研究发现,细胞移植在一定程度上可提高神经再生潜能,促进神经系统功能恢复;将移植的细胞负载于生物支架上再一起移植于损伤部位,可显著提高细胞移植后的存活率,促进脊髓损伤恢复。但不同的组合治疗方法对脊髓损伤的修复程度存在差异,选择适宜的组合治疗方法对促进脊髓损伤后功能的恢复具有重要价值。本文就生物支架与细胞移植在脊髓损伤修复中的作用进行综述,总结目前生物工程技术和细胞移植相结合的研究进展,以期为临床研究和进一步的基础研究提供文献资料,并为其在脊髓损伤修复中的开发与应用提供新的思路。Spinal cord injury is a serious complication of spinal fracture.It is a trauma-induced neurological disorder,which can cause motor,sensory,sphincter and autonomic nerve dysfunction below the injury site,leading to severe disability.At present,although the technology of spinal internal fixation is very mature,the treatment methods for the recovery of spinal cord injury are limited and the efficacy is not exact.Research has found that cell transplantation can,to a certain extent,increase the regenerative potential of the nerve and promote the recovery of the nervous system,and the combination of transplanted cells loaded on a biological scaffold and transplanted together at the injury site can significantly increase the survival rate of the cells after transplantation and promote the recovery of spinal cord injury.However,there are differences in the degree of repair of spinal cord injury between different combination treatments,and the selection of an appropriate combination treatment is of great value in promoting the recovery of spinal cord function after injury.This article provided a review of the role of biological scaffold and cell transplantation in the repair of spinal cord injury,and summarized the current research progress of the combination of bioengineering technology and cell transplantation,aiming to provide literature information for clinical research and further basic research,and offering new ideas for the development and application of these approaches in the repair of spinal cord injury.

关 键 词：生物支架 细胞移植 脊髓损伤修复 干细胞移植 神经再生 组织工程 

分 类 号：R651.2[医药卫生—外科学]