考虑乘客出行选择的需求响应公交调度方法  

Demand responsive transit scheduling method considering passenger travel choice

作　　者：孙洁 靳文舟[1] 张永 SUN Jie;JIN Wenzhou;ZHANG Yong(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong Province,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《深圳大学学报(理工版)》2025年第2期192-204,I0011,I0012,共15页Journal of Shenzhen University(Science and Engineering)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52072128)。

摘　　要：需求响应公交模式的1个关键问题是如何在确保运营商盈利的同时,为乘客提供高质量的服务.为设计出高效的需求响应公交调度方案,运用多元logit模型描述乘客出行选择行为,制定基于服务水平的票价策略;将品类优化方法与公交调度问题相结合,建立考虑品类优化的需求响应公交动态调度模型,设计改进动态插入算法进行求解;分别以Sioux Falls经典路网进行模拟算例分析,并以广州市黄埔区路网进行实际算例分析.针对模拟算例的优化结果验证了模型的可行性,针对实际算例的结果表明,该模型在高峰期和非高峰期服务乘客的比例分别达到83.3%和90.0%,且改进动态插入算法能够实现对乘客需求的秒级响应,相较于里程票制,基于服务水平的票制使运营利润和乘客服务率分别提高18.2%和5.0%,相较于单一出行方案,提供多种备选方案的品类优化使运营利润和乘客服务率分别提高27.4%和12.8%,且平均票价减少6.3%,验证了本模型在提升运营商经济效益和乘客服务质量方面的有效性.Demand responsive transit service faces the challenge of maintaining operating profits while complying with passenger preferences.To address this,a multinomial logit model was established to describe passenger travel choice behaviors,and a service-level-based pricing was developed.Subsequently,assortment optimization was integrated with transit scheduling to establish a dynamic scheduling model for demand responsive transit.An improved dynamic insertion algorithm was designed to efficiently solve the model.Finally,case studies were conducted using the Sioux Falls network for simulation analysis and the actual road network of Huangpu District in Guangzhou for practical analysis.The simulation case validates the feasibility of the model.Meanwhile,the practical case demonstrates that during peak periods,the model services 83.3%of passenger demands,and 90.0%during off-peak periods.The improved dynamic insertion algorithm can respond to passenger demands in seconds.Compared with the trip-based pricing,the service-level-based pricing increases operating profits and passenger service rates by 18.2%and 5.0%,respectively.Moreover,offering multiple service alternatives through assortment optimization increases operating profits and passenger service rates by 27.4%and 12.8%,respectively,while reducing average price by 6.3%.These results confirm that our proposed model outperforms the traditional scheduling model in terms of improving economic benefits and the number of passengers served.

关 键 词：交通运输工程 公交调度 需求响应公交 多元LOGIT模型 品类优化 票价策略 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] C935[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]