制度型开放对区域创新质量的影响——基于自由贸易试验区的准自然实验  

The Impact of Institution-Based Openness on the Quality of Regional Innovation--A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Pilot Free Trade Zone

作　　者：宁静波[1] 苏振坤 NING Jingbo;SU Zhenkun(School of Economics,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250330,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学经济学院,山东济南250330

出　　处：《经济与管理评论》2025年第2期18-33,共16页Review of Economy and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金研究项目“制度型开放背景下RCEP新规则的福利效应研究”(21CJL033)。

摘　　要：区域创新质量是驱动经济高质量发展的关键要素,而制度型开放作为一种新型开放模式,对提升区域创新质量具有重要影响。通过运用2010-2021年中国286个地级及以上城市的面板数据,采用多期双重差分法(DID)考察制度型开放对区域创新质量的影响。研究发现:自贸试验区设立显著提升了所在地区的创新质量,且在各种稳健性检验下,结论依然成立;机制检验表明,自贸试验区建设主要通过优化资源配置效率、促进智能制造转型、完善数字基础设施和加强知识产权保护等途径提升创新质量;政策效应存在显著异质性,在较早设立批次自贸试验区、大型规模城市和高公共研发投入地区表现更为突出;自贸试验区的创新促进效应存在显著的空间溢出,对毗邻城市的创新质量产生积极影响。基于研究结论建议实施差异化制度型开放战略,构建多层级区域创新协同体系;重点加强数字基础设施建设与智能制造转型支持,完善动态化政策评估机制;同时强化自贸试验区与周边城市的创新要素共享,推动形成制度创新与区域协同发展的良性互动格局。The quality of regional innovation is a key element to drive the high-quality development of economy,while the system-based opening,as a new type of opening mode,has an important impact on improving the quality of regional innovation.By utilizing the panel data of 286 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2010 to 2021,the impact of institution-based openness on regional innovation quality is examined by using the multi-period double-difference method(DID).The study finds:the establishment of Pilot Free Trade Zones(PFTZs)significantly improves the innovation quality of the regions where they are located,and the conclusion still holds under various robustness tests;the mechanism test shows that the construction of PFTZs mainly improves the innovation quality by optimizing the efficiency of resource allocation,promoting the transformation of smart manufacturing,improving the digital infrastructure,and strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights;there is a significant heterogeneity of the policy effect,which are more prominent in the earlier established batches of PFTZs,large-scale cities and areas with high public R&D inputs;there is a significant spatial spillover of the innovation promotion effect of PFTZs,which positively affects the innovation quality of neighboring cities.Based on the findings of the study,it is recommended to implement a differentiated system-based opening-up strategy,build a multi-level regional innovation synergy system,focus on strengthening the construction of digital infrastructure and support for the transformation of smart manufacturing,and improve the dynamic policy evaluation mechanism;at the same time,strengthen the sharing of innovation factors between the PFTZs and the neighboring cities,and promote the formation of a benign interactive pattern of system innovation and regional synergistic development.

关 键 词：制度型开放 自由贸易试验区 区域创新质量 准自然实验 空间溢出 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]