残余应力对斜齿轮时变啮合刚度的影响及其动力学分析  

Impact of residual stress on the time-varying meshing stiffness of helical gears and its dynamic analysis

作　　者：罗家元[1] 严博 高聪 LUO Jiayuan;YAN Bo;GAO Cong(School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Chongqing Chang’an Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400023,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]重庆长安汽车股份有限公司,重庆400023

出　　处：《机械传动》2025年第3期40-47,共8页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(cstc2021jscx-dxwtBX0022)。

摘　　要：【目的】淬火热处理作为齿轮重要强化工艺会产生较高的残余应力,进而影响齿轮啮合刚度及动态性能。在分析淬火残余应力分布规律的基础上,揭示残余应力对齿轮啮合动态特性的量化影响。【方法】基于直接热-力耦合法建立齿轮淬火仿真模型并求解淬火残余应力,结合单节点法将该残余应力作为预应力求解斜齿轮副的时变啮合刚度;并以此为基础,利用集中参数法建立斜齿轮副的10自由度动力学模型,使用龙格-库塔法进行数值求解,得到斜齿轮副的振动响应动载荷时域图和频域图。【结果】与不考虑残余应力相比,存在残余应力的单齿弯曲变形在4齿啮合区域变大、在5齿啮合区域变小,接触变形无明显变化,啮合刚度和动载荷的时域峰值变大,啮频处的动载荷频域幅值谱密度增大。[Objective]As an important strengthening process for gears,the quenching heat treatment will generate relative‐ly high residual stress,which will further affect the meshing stiffness and dynamic performance of gears.Based on the analysis of the distribution law of quenching residual stress,the quantitative impact of residual stress on the meshing dynamic characteris‐tics of gears was revealed.[Methods]A gear quenching simulation model was established based on the direct thermo-mechanical coupling method to solve the quenching residual stress.Combined with the single node method,this residual stress was regarded as the prestress to solve the time-varying meshing stiffness of the helical gear pair.Based on this,the lumped parameter method was used to establish a 10-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the helical gear pair.The Runge-Kutta method was used for nu‐merical solution,and the time domain diagram and frequency domain diagram of the dynamic load during the vibration response of the helical gear pair were obtained.[Results]Compared with the situation without considering the residual stress,the bending deformation of a single tooth becomes larger in the four-tooth meshing area and smaller in the five-tooth meshing area.The con‐tact deformation does not change much,and the time domain peak values of meshing stiffness and dynamic load become larger,the dynamic load frequency domain amplitude spectral density at the meshing frequency increases.

关 键 词：斜齿轮 残余应力 时变啮合刚度 动载荷 

分 类 号：TH132[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]