新型双马来酰亚胺单体结构与树脂性能关系研究  

Study on Relationship Between Stucture of Novel Bismaleimide Monomer and Resin Properties

作　　者：马如飞 丁江楠 潘翠红 赵志国[1] 周恒[2] MA Rufei;DING Jiangnan;PAN Cuihong;ZHAO Zhiguo;ZHOU Heng(Chengdu Aircraft Design&Research Institute,Chengdu 610041;Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;AVIC Composite Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 101300)

机构地区：[1]成都飞机设计研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100190 [3]中航复合材料有限责任公司,北京101300

出　　处：《宇航材料工艺》2025年第1期61-67,共7页Aerospace Materials & Technology

摘　　要：为了改善双马树脂的工艺性能和力学性能,本文设计合成了含有刚性双酚芴(FDABMI)、侧基(PIDABMI)、醚键(34ODABMI)、酰胺键(34DABABMI和33DABABMI)、砜基(44DDSBMI和33DDSBMI)、扩链(BAPSBMI)等结构的八种新型双马来酰亚胺单体(双马单体),旨在探讨不同结构双马单体与性能的构效关系。同时,采用二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)作为改性剂,通过与新型双马单体熔融共聚制备了双马树脂。测试结果为扩链结构和含有侧甲基结构的双马单体BAPSBMI、PIDABMI的熔点显著降低,分别为74℃和70℃;33ODABMI和BDM制备的双马树脂具有相似的玻璃化温度(T_(g)),约250℃,扩链单体BAPSBMI制备的双马树脂的T_(g)最低,为230℃;34ODABMI和33DDSBMI制备的双马树脂的弯曲模量分别为4.1 MPa和4.5 MPa,相比BDM提高了14%和25%。结果显示分子结构设计与性能密切相关,树脂的T_(g)主要与双马单体中桥基基团的长短有关,间位取代的双马单体具有更高的弯曲模量。In order to improve the processing and mechanical properties of bismaleimide resin,eight novel types of bismaleimide monomers(hereinafter referred to as“bismaleimide monomers”)with structures containing rigid bisphenol fluorene(FDABMI),side group(PIDABMI),ether bond(34ODABMI),amide bond(34DABABMI and 33DABABMI),sulfone group(44DDSBMI and 33DDSBMI)and chain extension(BAPSBMI)were prepared,aiming to explore the structure-performance relationship of bismaleimide monomners with different structures.At the same time,diallyl bisphenol A(DABPA)was used as modifier to prepare bismaleimide resin by melting copolymeriazation with new type of bismaleimide monomers.The results show that the melting points of BAPSBMI and PIDABMI with extended chain structure and side methyl structure decreases significantly to 74℃and 70℃,respectively.The glass transition temperature of the resin prepared by 33ODABMI and BDM is similar,about 250℃,while the bismaleimide resin prepared with the chain extension monomer BAPSBMI has the lowest T_(g) of 230°C..The flexural modulus of 34ODABMI and 33DDSBMI are 4.1 MPa and 4.5 MPa,respectively,which are 14%and 25%higher than that of BDM.The results show that molecular structure design is closely related to performance,and the glass transition temperature of the resin is mainly related to the length of the bridging group in the bismaleimide monomer.The bismaleimide monomers with meta-substitution have higher flexural modulus.

关 键 词：双马单体 熔点 耐热性 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]