不同灌溉方式下化控对玉米抗倒伏能力及籽粒产量的影响  

Effect of Chemical Control on Maize Lodging Resistance Capability and Grain Yield under Different Irrigation Methods

作　　者：吴梦茹 杨恒山[1] 张玉芹[1] 刘晶[1] 任凌玥 张瑞富[1] WU Mengru;YANG Hengshan;ZHANG Yuqin;LIU Jing;REN Lingyue;ZHANG Ruifu(College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028043,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028043

出　　处：《内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期53-58,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160509);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(GXKY22019)。

摘　　要：为研究化控技术对春玉米抗倒伏能力及籽粒产量的影响,在浅埋滴灌和膜下滴灌条件下,于玉米6叶期,以喷施化控剂“玉黄金”(胺鲜酯乙烯利)为化控处理(R1),喷施等量清水为对照(R0),研究了不同处理下玉米农艺性状、茎秆力学特征及籽粒产量。结果表明:玉米株高、穗位高表现为膜下滴灌高于浅埋滴灌,株高、穗位高以及穗位系数,在2种灌溉方式下R1均显著低于R0;第2节至第5节茎粗表现为R1显著高于R0,第6节在膜下滴灌下R1显著高于R0,第7节处理间差异不显著;第2节至第7节节间长度均表现为R1显著低于R0,以第3、第4节表现尤为明显;茎秆压碎强度和穿刺强度表现为R1显著高于R0,灌溉方式间以膜下滴灌表现较为明显;玉米籽粒产量在滴灌方式间表现为浅埋滴灌高于膜下滴灌,相同灌溉方式下R1与R0之间差异不显著。玉米6叶期进行化控处理,提高了茎秆抗倒伏能力,且有效降低了膜下滴灌玉米生育后期早衰而造成的倒伏风险,是玉米浅埋滴灌和膜下滴灌密植高产栽培关键技术环节。To study the effect of chemical control technology on lodging resistance and grain yield of spring maize,the agronomic traits,stem mechanical characteristics and grain yield of maize were investigated at the 6-leaf stage of maize under shallow buried drip irrigation and mulched drip irrigation,with the spraying of the chemical control agent Jade Gold(Aminoethyl ester ethephon)as the chemical control treatment(R1),and the spraying of an equal amount of fresh water as the control(R0).The results showed that maize plant height and ear height were higher under mulched drip irrigation than shallow buried drip irrigation.In terms of plant height,ear height and ear position coefficient,R1 was significantly lower than R0 under both irrigation methods.Stem thickness from the second to the fifth node was significantly higher R1 than R0,and in the sixth node,R1 was significantly higher than R0 under mulched drip irrigation,and the difference between treatments in the seventh node was not significant.The intersegmental length from the second to the seventh nodes showed that R1 was significantly lower than R0,which was especially obvious in the third and fourth node.Stem crushing strength and puncture strength showed that R1 was significantly higher than R0,and the performance of mulched drip irrigation was more obvious among the irrigation methods.Maize grain yield among drip irrigation methods showed that shallow buried drip irrigation was higher than mulched drip irrigation,and the difference between R1 and R0 was not significant under the same irrigation method.The chemical control treatment at the 6-leaf stage of maize improved the ability of stem lodging resistance and effectively reduced the risk of lodging caused by premature senescence in the late stage of maize under mulched drip irrigation,which is a key technical link in the cultivation of maize with dense planting and high-yield cultivation in the shallow buried drip irrigation and the mulched drip irrigation.

关 键 词：玉米 灌溉方式 化控 抗倒伏 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]