基于公平与效率双目标的航班时刻资源配置优化方法  

A Dual-Objective Fairness-Efficiency Model for Airport Slot Scheduling

作　　者：吕佳璘 包丹文[1] 周佳怡 Lyu Jialin;Bao Danwen;Zhou Jiayi(College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学民航学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《华东交通大学学报》2025年第1期73-83,共11页Journal of East China Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2033203);南京航空航天大学研究生科研与实践创新计划(xcxjh20230719)。

摘　　要：针对航班时刻资源配置问题,采用分层调度策略,引入时刻价值指标,构建了一个多层次、兼顾公平性与效率性的双目标模型,以深入探究两者之间的内在联系与优化平衡。通过对某Level3协调机场的历史数据进行验证,模型的有效性得到了充分证明。进一步分析不同层次、航空公司及日期类型下的时刻调整情况,揭示了调度过程中的复杂性。同时,提出过载分配的概念,并通过容忍度参数重新定义偏移时刻量评估标准,探讨了最优容忍度水平对调度结果的影响。结果显示,相较于单目标模型,双目标模型在总偏移时刻量微增0.30%、最大偏移时刻量增加3.28%的情况下,公平性提升26.00%,且各航空公司调整水平更均衡,历史时刻请求更易实现公平调度。工作日偏移时刻量低于非工作日,公平性更优(0.02%)。周六偏移时刻量最高,公平性最差(1.11%)。相对最优容忍度为2个时刻,可降低47.78%的过载分配。研究结果为航班时刻优化提供了新思路,对航空公司申请编制具有重要参考价值。Addressing the issue of slot scheduling,this study employs a hierarchical allocating strategy and intro-duces the value of slot to construct a dual-objective optimizationmodel that balances fairness and efficiency.The validity of model is verified using historical data from a Level 3 airport in China.A comprehensive analysis of slot scheduling acrossdifferent levels,airlines,and date typesreveals the complexity of the process.Furthermore,the concept of overload allocation is introduced,and the offset evaluation criteria are redefined through the toler-ance parameter,exploring the impact of optimal tolerance levels on slot scheduling.The results indicate that,com-pared to a single-objective model,the dual-objective model enhances fairness by only 0.30%and maximum slot displacement by 3.28%,while improving fairness by 26.00%.Moreover,the adjustment among airlines are more balanced,and historical requests are more likely to achieve fair allocation.Displacement on weekdays are ob-served to be lower than those on non-weekdays,exhibiting superior fairness(0.02%).Saturdays exhibit the high-est displacement and the poorest fairness(1.11%).The optimal tolerance level is identified as 2 slots,which reduc-es overload allocation by 47.78%.This research provides novel insights into the slot scheduling and hold consid-erable reference value for airlines in the process of schedule.

关 键 词：航班时刻资源 多目标优化 公平性 时刻价值 容忍度 

分 类 号：V355[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] U8[交通运输工程]