结果加重犯的新诠释:加重处罚根据与特殊危险创设  

A New Interpretation of Aggregated Consequential Offense:Foundation for Aggregated Punishment and Special Danger Creation

作　　者：周梦杰 ZHOU Mengjie

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学法学院 [2]德国科隆大学法学院

出　　处：《苏州大学学报(法学版)》2025年第1期27-39,共13页Journal of Soochow University:Law Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“公共危险防控背景下的监督过失理论研究”(项目编号:20BFX071);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“过失犯的行为不法研究”(项目编号:YBNLTS2023-023)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：只有厘清加重结果的加重处罚根据,才能实现加重结果的妥当归责。“形态加重”只是在描述结果加重犯的特殊构造。“过失加重”亦无法支撑起加重处罚根据。结果加重犯的加重处罚根据应在于“危险加重”,即行为不法阶段所创设的“特殊危险”,这一危险的本质属性是实施故意行为所导致的过失行为危险。将特殊危险作为加重结果的加重处罚根据,符合刑罚根据考量,同时能够有效实现刑罚特殊预防和一般预防的功能目的。该过失行为危险具备同源性、进阶性的二元化特征。同源性特征侧重申明危险来源,契合过失行为危险的本质属性,能够妥当处理介入被害人自身过失情形下的特殊危险认定。进阶性特征是对危险程度的描绘,以同源性特征为前提基础,强调二者的内在联系,相较于高度性特征能够更为精确地表达出危险的特殊之处。Only by clarifying the foundation for enhanced punishment in cases of aggravated consequences can a reasonable attribution of these consequences be achieved.Structural aggravation merely describes the unique composition of the aggregated consequential offense,and the aggravation of negligence cannot serve as a sufficient basis for aggregated punishment.Instead,the foundation for such aggregated punishment should be based on“aggravated danger”,which refers to the“specific danger”created during the period of the illegal conduct.The essence of this specific danger lies in the danger of negligent behavior caused by the commission of intentional acts.Using specific danger as the foundation for aggregated punishment is consistent with the requirements of the punishment foundation and also leads to more effective special prevention and general prevention in punishment.The danger of negligent behavior has the dual characteristics of homology and advancement.The homology feature emphasizes the source of danger and conforms to the essence of the danger of negligent behavior and can properly identify the special danger involved in the case of the victim’s fault.The advanced feature is based on the homology feature and describes the degree of danger.It indicates the internal connection of the dual characteristics and expresses the special aspects of danger more accurately compared with high degree features.

关 键 词：结果加重犯 加重处罚根据 特殊危险 行为不法 结果归责 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]