不同类型地膜对土壤碳、氮、磷的影响  

Effects of Different Material Types of Mulching Film on Soil Carbon,Nitrogen and Phosphorus

作　　者：曾浩宇 李嘉兴 刘世杰 焦蒙 杨娟[1,2] ZENG Haoyu;LI Jiaxing;LIU Shijie;JIAO Meng;YANG Juan(Key Laboratory of Highland Wetland Conservation and Restoration and Ecological Services in Yunnan Province,School of Ecology and Environment(College of Wetlands),Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;National Highland Wetland Research Center,School of Ecology and Environment(College of Wetlands),Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室,西南林业大学生态与环境学院(湿地学院),云南昆明650224 [2]国家高原湿地研究中心,西南林业大学生态与环境学院(湿地学院),云南昆明650224

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2025年第3期124-133,176,共11页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：云南省科技厅重点研发计划项目(202203AC100001);国家自然科学基金项目(22166033);云南省农业联合面上项目(202101BD070001-112);兴滇人才项目。

摘　　要：为了探究不同类型地膜残留于土壤中的碎片对土壤大量元素以及微量元素的影响,该文以聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)、聚乳酸(PLA)全生物降解地膜和聚乙烯(PE)地膜为研究对象,探究不同地膜表面形貌变化、地膜残留对土壤大量元素碳、氮、磷和钾以及微量元素铁、铜、锌、钙、镁含量的影响。结果表明:(1)PBAT、PBAT+PLA两种生物降解地膜碎片在实验末期时表面已呈现分裂特征,而PE地膜并未呈现。(2)从实验初期至实验末期PBAT白色地膜和PBAT+PLA黑色地膜的土壤TOC、DOC含量分别增加78.1%、84.6%和182.7%、197.2%,均高于PE地膜。(3)添加生物降解地膜(PBAT和PBAT+PLA)碎片后的土壤溶解性有机质的荧光性(FDOM)和有色性(CDOM)均有提高,但PE地膜处理与CK组无差异。(4)添加了生物降解地膜(PBAT和PBAT+PLA)碎片的土壤比CK和PE地膜碎片处理土壤中的速效磷(AP)增加了约8倍,速效氮(AN)增加了约1.3倍,总氮(TN)增加了约2.5倍,钾增加了约1.2倍,铁增加了约1.2倍,铜增加了约1.5倍,锌增加了约1.1倍,钙增加了约2.4倍,镁增加了约1.9倍,但PE地膜组与CK无差异,数据表明可降解生物地膜的使用增加了土壤养分的含量,而普通PE地膜的残留对土壤养分无明显影响。土壤营养元素对生物降解地膜的使用响应更加积极,并且提高了土壤有机质含量,而普通PE地膜对土壤营养元素无显著影响。This study aims to investigate the impact of various mulch film residues on the concentrations of major and trace elements in soil,focusing on poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT),polylactic acid(PLA)biodegradable mulch films,and polyethylene(PE)mulch films.The research examined changes in surface morphology and the impact of film resi⁃dues on the concentrations of soil carbon(C),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),and trace elements iron(Fe),cop⁃per(Cu),zinc(Zn),calcium(Ca),and magnesium(Mg).The findings indicate that by the end of the experiment,PBAT and PBAT+PLA biodegradable mulch fragments exhibited splitting characteristics,while PE mulch remained intact.From the start to the end of the experiment,the total organic carbon(TOC)and dissolved organic carbon(DOC)content soils treated with the PBAT and PBAT+PLA films increased by 78.1%and 84.6%;182.7%and 197.2%,respectively,both significantly higher than the increases seen in soils treated with PE films.The addition of biodegradable mulch films(PBAT and PBAT+PLA)also led to higher levels of fluorescent dissolved organic matter(FDOM)and colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM),whereas no such increase was observed in soils treated with PE films,compared to the control(CK)group.Soils treated with biodegrad⁃able mulch fragments(PBAT and PBAT+PLA)experienced an approximate 8-fold increase in available phosphorus(AP),1.3-fold increase in available nitrogen(AN),2.5-fold increase in total nitrogen(TN),1.2-fold increase in potassium,1.2-fold increase in iron,1.5-fold increase in copper,1.1-fold increase in zinc,2.4-fold increase in calcium,and 1.9-fold increase in magnesium.In contrast,soils treated with PE film fragments showed no significant difference from the CK group.These results demonstrate that biodegradable mulch use significantly increased soil nutrient levels,while PE mulch residues have no noticeable effect on soil nutrient content.The response of soil nutrient elements to the application of biodegradable film was more positive,leading to an

关 键 词：生物降解地膜 溶解性有机碳 土壤养分 聚乙烯地膜 地膜形貌变化 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]