长山列岛邻近海域甲壳类群落种类组成及多样性  

Species Composition and Diversity of Crustacean Community in the Waters Adjacent to Changshan Islands

作　　者：曹婧璇 邹建宇 徐宾铎[1,2] 孙利东 纪毓鹏 CAO Jingxuan;ZOU Jianyu;XU Binduo;SUN Lidong;JI Yupeng(College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Field Observation and Research Station of Haizhou Bay Fishery Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;Yantai Marine Development and Fisheries Bureau of Shandong Province,Yantai 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]海州湾渔业生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,山东青岛266003 [3]山东省烟台市海洋发展和渔业局,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《水产科学》2025年第2期181-190,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2019YFD0901205).

摘　　要：为探明长山列岛邻近海域甲壳类群落种类组成及多样性的时空变化特征,根据2016—2017年长山列岛邻近海域渔业资源与环境季度调查数据,应用物种多样性指数、相对重要性指数和广义加性模型等研究了该海域甲壳类种类组成、优势种、群落物种多样性的季节和空间变化及其与环境因子的关系。结果显示:本次调查共捕获甲壳类37种,隶属于2目16科26属;暖水种、暖温种、冷温种分别占总种数的18.92%、72.97%和8.11%。甲壳类资源密度呈明显的空间、季节变化。季节间物种组成更替率为36%~53%,其中秋-冬季(53%)、冬-春季(48%)更替率较高,春-夏(37%)、夏-秋(36%)两季更替率较低。口虾蛄为各季节优势种,脊腹褐虾和日本鼓虾为春、冬季共有优势种。春、夏季甲壳类群落物种丰富度指数最高(2.22),冬季(1.66)较低;香农-维纳多样性指数和物种均匀度指数均呈现秋季(1.48)高、夏季(0.26)低趋势;春季西北海域出现物种丰富度指数高峰,东南海域及近岸出现低值,夏季在中部海域出现两个高峰值,秋季表现为西南高、东北低的趋势;秋季在西北、东南海域出现两个香农-维纳多样性指数高峰,冬季在东北海域出现高峰,在近岸较低;秋季在东南近岸出现物种均匀度指数高峰。广义加性模型分析表明,水深、底层温度和底层盐度是影响该海域甲壳类多样性空间分布的主要环境因子。长山列岛邻近海域甲壳类群落种类组成和多样性具有明显的时空异质性。In order to ascertain the species composition and diversity of crustacean community in the adjacent waters of Changshan Islands,the seasonal and spatial changes in crustacean species composition,dominant species,community species diversity and their correlations with environmental factors were analyzed by ecological diversity index and index of relative importance(IRI)and generalized additive model based on the seasonal survey data of fishery resources and marine environment in the adjacent waters of Changshan Islands in autumn in 2016,and winter,spring and summer in 2017.There were 37 species captured,2 orders,16 families and 26 genera,with 18.92%of warm water species,72.97%of warm temperate species and 8.11%of cold temperate species in the total number of crustacean species.The crustacean resources density was shown to be obvious spatial and seasonal changes in the adjacent waters of Changshan Islands,with species composition replacement rates ranging from 36%to 53%,higher replacement rates in autumn-winter(53%)and in winter-spring(48%),and lower replacement rate in spring-summer(37%)and summer-autumn(36%).Mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria was found to be the dominant species in each season,and Crangon affinis and Alpheus japonicas to be the common dominant species in spring and winter.Higher species diversity index(D)of crustacean community was observed in spring and summer(2.22),and lower in winter(1.66),and higher Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H')and evenness index(J')in autumn(1.48)and low in summer(0.26).There were significant spatial changes in species diversity index in crustaceans,with the peak species richness index(D)in the northwest of the surveyed area in spring,with low value in the southeast sea and near the coast,two peaks in the central sea area in summer,and high value in the southwest and low value in the northeast in autumn.There were two peaks of Shannon-Wiener's Diversity Index(H')in the northwest and southeast seas in autumn,and a peak in the northeast in winter,with a lower value near

关 键 词：长山列岛 甲壳类 种类组成 物种多样性 空间异质性 

分 类 号：S932.5[农业科学—渔业资源]