3种饵料微藻对马氏珠母贝生理代谢和碳氮收支的影响  

Effects of Three Microalgal Species and Densities on Physiological Metabolism,and Carbon and Nitrogen Budgets of Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata martensii

作　　者：任鹏 张兴志 刘敬灿 吕淑果 王爱民[1,3] 刘春胜 REN Peng;ZHANG Xingzhi;LIU Jingcan;LYU Shuguo;WANG Aimin;LIU Chunsheng(School of Marine Biology and Fisheries,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture,Guangxi Academy of Fisheries Sciences,Nanning 530021,China;Hainan International Blue Carbon Research Center,Haikou 571126,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学海洋生物与水产学院,海南海口570228 [2]广西水产科学研究院,广西南宁530021 [3]海南国际蓝碳研究中心,海南海口571126

出　　处：《水产科学》2025年第2期235-243,共9页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2401301,2022YFD2401305);海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2024SHFZ139,ZDYF2023XDNY032).

摘　　要：为明确饵料种类和质量浓度对马氏珠母贝生理代谢及碳氮收支的影响,在水温(26.0±0.5)℃下,将壳长(55.06±1.22)mm、湿质量(23.26±1.12)g的马氏珠母贝饲养在200L砂滤海水的塑料桶中,投喂球等鞭金藻、牟氏角毛藻、亚心形扁藻,每种藻类的质量浓度分别为2.2、4.4、6.6mg/L(干质量),研究微藻种类和质量浓度交互作用下马氏珠母贝的摄食率、耗氧率、排氨率、排粪率及钙化率等生理代谢指标,以此计算马氏珠母贝的碳氮收支。试验结果显示:饵料种类和质量浓度显著影响马氏珠母贝摄食率[13.36~39.14mg/(g·h)](P<0.05);球等鞭金藻组,马氏珠母贝摄食率随饵料质量浓度变化先升后降;其他两组则随饵料质量浓度升高而升高。饵料种类显著影响马氏珠母贝耗氧率和排氨率(P<0.05),其中亚心形扁藻组耗氧率较低[0.63~1.34mg/(g·h)],牟氏角毛藻组排氨率较高[0.44~0.71mg/(g·h)]。饵料种类和质量浓度显著影响马氏珠母贝生长碳收支,本试验条件下,生长碳占比随饵料质量浓度增加而增加;相同饵料质量浓度条件下,生长碳占比为球等鞭金藻组>牟氏角毛藻组>亚心形扁藻组。低饵料质量浓度下(2.2mg/L),马氏珠母贝排泄氮占比较高(36.75%~81.63%),生长氮占比较低(-26.91%~29.48%)。在饵料较高质量浓度下(4.4、6.6mg/L),马氏珠母贝生长氮占比为球等鞭金藻组>亚心形扁藻组>牟氏角毛藻组。本试验量化了不同微藻种类及质量浓度下马氏珠母贝各生理代谢及碳氮收支参数,可为提升双壳贝类养殖技术及生态适应性机制研究提供参考资料。To elucidate the effects of different microalgae species and concentrations on physiological metabolism and carbon and nitrogen budget of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii,the pearl oyster with shell length of(55.06±1.22)mm and wet body weight of(23.26±1.12)g were reared in plastic barrels of 200 L sand-filtered seawater,and was fed microalgae Isochrysis galbana,Chaetoceros muelleri and Platymonas subcordiformis at concentrations of each alga 2.2,4.4 and 6.6 mg/L(dry weight),respectively,at water temperature of(26.0±0.5)°C.The physiological and metabolic indices including food ingestion rate,oxygen consumption rate,ammonia excretion rate,fecal excretion rate and calcification rate of Pinctada martensii under the interaction of microalga species and concentrations were investigated,and then carbon and nitrogen budget of the pearl oyster was calculated.The results showed the food ingestion rate of the pearl oyster was significantly influenced by microalgal species and concentrations(P<0.05),with from 13.36 to 39.14 mg/(g·h).In the I.galbana group,the pearl oyster and food ingestion rates in a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing with food concentration,while in the other two treatment groups,the food ingestion rates were found to be increased with food concentration.The respiration and ammonia excretion rates of the pearl oyster were significantly influenced by microalgal species,with lower respiration rates[0.63—1.34 mg/(g·h)]in P.subcordiformis group,and higher ammonia excretion rates[0.44—0.71 mg/(g·h)]in C.muelleri group.Growth carbon was significantly influenced by microalgal species and concentration in carbon budget of the pearl oyster.The proportion of growth carbon was shown to be increased with the increase in food concentration under the experimental conditions,with the maximal proportion of growth carbon in the I.galbana group,followed by the C.muelleri group,and the P.subcordiformis group at the same microalgal concentration.The pearl oyster has a higher proportion of excre

关 键 词：马氏珠母贝 微藻种类及浓度 生理代谢 碳氮收支 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]