锻压态6063-0.3V铝合金的组织与性能  

Microstructure and properties of 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy in forging state

作　　者：郭正烜 李子亮 Guo Zhengxuan;Li Ziliang(College of Architecture and Design,Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology,Jinzhong 030600,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050091,China)

机构地区：[1]山西工程科技职业大学建筑设计学院,山西晋中030600 [2]河北科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050091

出　　处：《锻压技术》2025年第2期235-241,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078086)。

摘　　要：采用先预压再主压的锻压流程进行了建筑用6063-0.3V铝合金的锻压试验,并与合金锻压前的显微组织、力学性能和耐磨损性能进行了对比分析。结果表明:锻压处理细化了6063-0.3V铝合金的内部晶粒,提升了其力学性能和耐磨损性能。在始锻温度为470℃、终锻温度为360℃、预压阶段变形量为2%、主压阶段变形量为10%、锻压速度为50 mm·min^(-1)和模具预热温度为280℃的锻压工艺参数下,获得了组织细小均匀、力学性能和耐磨损性能均较佳的锻压态建筑用6063-0.3V铝合金,其平均晶粒尺寸为14μm、抗拉强度为278 MPa、屈服强度为234 MPa、断后伸长率为9.2%、磨损30 min后磨损体积仅为18.4×10-3mm3。研究表明锻压处理是建筑用6063-0.3V铝合金获得较佳综合性能的有效途径。The forging test of 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy for construction was carried out by using a forging process of pre-pressing first and then main pressing,and a comparative analysis was carried out on the microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance of the alloy before forging.The results show that the forging treatment refines the internal grains of 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy and improves its mechanical and wear resistance properties.Under the forging process parameters of the initial forging temperature of 470 C,the final forging temperature of 360 C,the deformation amount in the pre-pressing stage of 2%,the deformation amount in the main pressing stage of 10%,the forging speed of 50 mm·min'and the die pre-heating temperature of 280℃,a 6063-0.3V aluminum ally for construction in forging state with fine and uniform microstructure,good mechanical properties and wear resistance is obtained.Its average grain size is 14μm,tensile strength is 278 MPa,yield strength is 234 MPa,elongation at break is 9.2%and the wear volume after 30 minutes of wear is only 18.4x10-3 mm°.The research indicates that the forging treatment is an effective way to obtain 6063-0.3V aluminum alloy for construction with better comprehensive performance.

关 键 词：6063-0.3V铝合金 显微组织 力学性能 耐磨损性能 细化晶粒 锻压处理 

分 类 号：TH164[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]