含汞土壤样品实验室处理与保存技术研究  

Study on Laboratory Processing and Preservation Techniques forMercury-contaminated Soil Samples

作　　者：程宁 陈勇 CHENG Ning;CHEN Yong(School of Environment and Food Engineering,Liuzhou Vocational and Technical University,Guangxi Liuzhou 545000;Department of Food and Chemical Engineering,Liuzhou Institute of Technology,Guangxi Liuzhou 545616;Special Industrial Wastewater Biological Treatment Technology Experimental Center,Liuzhou Vocational and Technical University,Guangxi Liuzhou 545000,China)

机构地区：[1]柳州职业技术大学环境与食品工程学院,广西柳州545000 [2]柳州工学院食品与化学工程学院,广西柳州545616 [3]柳州职业技术大学特色产业废水生物处理技术实验中心,广西柳州545000

出　　处：《广州化工》2025年第5期141-144,159,共5页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：柳州市科技计划项目(2022CCC0202,2024SB0505G004);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(“广西特色产业废水脱色技术机制研究”2022KY1035;“工业废弃树脂功能化再生及其应用于染料废水处理研究”2024KY1801)。

摘　　要：针对含汞土壤样品在实验室处理与保存过程中易受外界因素干扰的问题,本研究探讨了水分处理、研磨方式、筛分材质及保存条件对汞含量测定的影响。对比自然风干与电热烘干法,自然风干15 d的样品汞损失率接近于零,而电热烘干(105℃、6 h)导致样品汞变动率达-26%~-10%。利用玛瑙或陶瓷研钵研磨样品至0.065 mm时,汞测定值显著偏高(变动率最高达97%)。筛分材质对比显示,经无水乙醇清洗的尼龙筛可避免汞污染,优于金属筛。保存实验中,磨口玻璃瓶在无污染环境中保存效果最佳,25 d后汞变动率低于12%,而自封袋或污染环境会导致汞含量显著上升。结果表明,含汞土壤样品宜采用自然风干、木棒粗磨、尼龙筛分及磨口玻璃瓶短期保存,以减少汞损失或污染,确保分析数据的准确性。本研究为含汞土壤样品的规范化处理与保存提供了科学依据。To address the issue of mercury(Hg)loss or contamination during laboratory processing and preservation of Hg-contaminated soil samples,the effects of moisture treatment,grinding methods,sieve materials and storage conditions on Hg content determination were investigated.Comparative experiments revealed that natural air-drying for 15 days minimized Hg loss(near-zero variation rate),while electric oven-drying(105℃,6 h)caused significant Hg volatilization(variation rate was from-26%to-10%).Grinding samples to<0.065 mm using agate or ceramic mortars led to substantial overestimation of Hg content(variation rate was up to 97%).Sieving tests demonstrated that nylon sieves cleaned with anhydrous ethanol effectively reduced Hg contamination compared to metal sieves.Storage experiments indicated that ground-glass bottles in uncontaminated environments maintained Hg stability(<12%variation after 25 days),whereas self-sealing bags or contaminated storage environments caused notable Hg accumulation.The results suggestted that Hg-contaminated soil samples should be processed via natural air-drying,coarse grinding with wooden tools,nylon sieving and short-term storage in ground-glass bottles to minimize Hg loss or exogenous contamination,ensuring analytical accuracy.This study provided a scientific basis for standardized protocols in handling and preserving Hg-contaminated soil samples.

关 键 词：汞 土壤 处理与保存 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]