车内空气及内饰材料中挥发性有机胺的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Volatile Organic Amines in VehicleInterior Air and Interior Materials

作　　者：林炼锋 罗富智 郑晓青 LIN Lianfeng;LUO Fuzhi;ZHENG Xiaoqing(GRG Metrology&Test Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Guangzhou 511450,China)

机构地区：[1]广电计量检测集团股份有限公司,广东广州511450

出　　处：《广州化工》2025年第5期153-155,172,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

摘　　要：随着汽车工业的蓬勃发展,车内异味问题成为消费者关注的焦点,挥发性有机胺作为关键致臭因素,对消费者健康构成潜在威胁。本研究建立了利用胺采样管采集车内空气及内饰材料释放气体中的挥发性有机胺,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定多种挥发性有机胺含量的方法。方法检出限低2μg/m^(3),精密度(RSD<5%)与加标回收率(92%~108%)良好,满足车内空气和内饰材料日常检测分析需求。对多种车型车内空气和内饰材料的检测结果表明,车内挥发性有机胺污染与车型、内饰材料类型紧密相关,聚氨酯发泡与EPDM制品是主要释放源。建议在材料工艺方面,推广橡塑制品无胺硫化体系、优化聚氨酯发泡技术;消费者在新车使用初期应加强通风。本研究为车内空气质量改善提供了科学依据与技术支撑,对保障消费者健康具有重要意义。With the rapid development of the automotive industry,in-vehicle odor issues have become a focal concern for consumers.Volatile organic amines,as key odor-causing factors,pose potential threats to consumer health.A method for simultaneously determining multiple volatile organic amines in vehicle cabin air and emissions from interior materials was established using amine sampling tubes for collection,combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The method exhibited a low detection limit(2μg/m^(3)),excellent precision(RSD<5%),and satisfactory spiked recovery rates(from 92%to 108%),meeting the requirements for routine analysis of in-vehicle air and interior materials.Testing results from various vehicle models revealed that in-vehicle volatile organic amine pollution was closely associated with vehicle type and interior material composition,with polyurethane foams and EPDM(ethylene-propylene-diene monomer)products identified as primary emission sources.Based on these findings,adopting amine-free vulcanization systems for rubber/plastic products and optimizing polyurethane foaming processes in material manufacturing were recommend.Additionally,consumers should enhance ventilation during the initial use of new vehicles.This research provided scientific evidence and technical support for improving in-vehicle air quality,holding significant implications for safeguarding consumer health.

关 键 词：袋子法 车内空气 有机胺 内饰材料 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS) 

分 类 号：X512[环境科学与工程—环境工程]