催化裂化装置分馏油气系统结盐腐蚀问题的研究分析  

Analysis of Salt Corrosion in the Fractionating System of Oiland Gas in Catalytic Cracking Unit

作　　者：张海涛 张盼 李旭 薛小平 杨学远 ZHANG Haitao;ZHANG Pan;LI Xu;XUE Xiaoping;YANG Xueyuan(Yan'an Refinery,Refining&Chemical Company,Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Yan'an 727406,China)

机构地区：[1]延长石油(集团)有限责任公司炼化公司延安炼油厂,陕西延安727406

出　　处：《广州化工》2025年第5期173-177,共5页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

摘　　要：近年来随着原油的劣质化和催化裂化装置生产方向逐渐向深度裂解裂化方向转变的趋势,分馏系统结盐逐渐由分馏塔中部向分馏塔顶部油气系统转换,造成分馏顶循环系统、油气冷却系统、富气压缩系统和后续精制系统结盐腐蚀问题日趋严重,对装置的安全生产造成严重影响。特别是部分老旧装置,没有系统性地防治结盐腐蚀的工艺和专用设备,改造难度大,费用高。本研究通过对产生腐蚀结盐的原料性质、操作条件、设备特性等方面进行分析,找出基于结盐机理的对应工艺设备条件,根据装置实际工艺设备现状,操作可行性,统筹考虑进行针对性的优化改造,解决了腐蚀泄漏问题,为同类型装置的改造提供借鉴。In recent years,with the increasing trend of crude oil quality deterioration and the gradual shift of catalytic cracking unit operation toward deep cracking,salt deposition in the fractionation system has progressively migrated from the middle section of the fractionation column to the top oil-gas system.Consequently,salt corrosion issues in the top cycle system,oil-gas cooling system,rich gas compression system,and downstream refining units have become increasingly severe,posing significant threats to unit safety.Notably,some older plants lack systematic processes and specialized equipment for salt corrosion prevention and control,leading to challenges in retrofitting due to high costs and technical constraints.Corrosive salt formation mechanisms were analyzed by examining raw material properties,operational parameters,and equipment characteristics.Based on salt formation mechanisms,corresponding process-equipment conditions were identified.Through integrated consideration of the actual status of plant process equipment and operational feasibility,targeted optimization and retrofitting measures were proposed to address corrosion and leakage issues.The findings provided a valuable reference for retrofitting similar units in the refining industry.

关 键 词：分馏 油气 结盐 腐蚀 

分 类 号：TE986[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]