冻干人用狂犬病疫苗(Vero细胞)在10~17岁健康人群中的免疫原性与免疫持久性研究  

Immunogenicity and immune persistence of human rabies vaccine(Vero cell)in healthy people aged 10-17 years

作　　者：梁贞贞 沈钰钢 胡晓松 邢博 张鑫培 陈颖萍 毛昱 吕华坤[1] Liang Zhenzhen;Shen Yugang;Hu Xiaosong;Xing Bo;Zhang Xinpei;Chen Yingping;Mao Yu;Lyu Huakun(Department of Immunization Program,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China;Shengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaoxing 312400,China;Shangyu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaoxing 312300,China;Liaoning Chengda Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110179,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,杭州310051 [2]嵊州市疾病预防控制中心,绍兴312400 [3]上虞区疾病预防控制中心,绍兴312300 [4]辽宁成大生物股份有限公司,沈阳110179

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2025年第2期135-140,共6页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：目的评价冻干人用狂犬病疫苗(Vero细胞)在10~17岁健康人群中的免疫原性和免疫持久性,并与18~60岁成人组相比较。方法选取浙江省绍兴市上虞区和嵊州市作为研究现场,于2021年7月—2022年11月期间开展研究。分别采用Zagreb(2-1-1)和Essen(1-1-1-1-1)方案接种狂犬病疫苗。采集免疫前后不同时间点的血清样本,比较10~17岁和18~60岁年龄组在抗体阳性率和几何平均浓度(geometric mean concentration,GMC)方面的差异。结果共纳入1200例10~60岁的健康受试者,其中10~17岁157例(13.1%),18~60岁1043例(86.9%)。两组受试者在全程接种后3、6和12个月时的血清阳性率均接近100%,且同一年龄组的受试者在抗体水平上比较接近。抗体GMC在接种后逐步升高,并在14 d达到峰值。10~17岁受试者在首剂接种后14 d的抗体GMC高于18~60岁组,差异有统计学意义(Zagreb方案:81.85 IU/ml vs 63.15 IU/ml,t=2.411,P=0.018;Essen方案:86.61 IU/ml vs 69.24 IU/ml,t=3.906,P<0.001)。全程接种后14 d和全程接种后3个月的抗体GMC同样呈现这一差异,但是这种差异在全程接种后6和12个月逐渐减小并消失。结论在接种后1年内,冻干人用狂犬病疫苗(Vero细胞)在所有受试者中均展现出持久的免疫保护,2种接种方案上无显著差异。10~17岁受试者相较于18~60岁成人展现出更高的抗体水平,但两年龄组在免疫持久性方面无显著差异。Objective To evaluate the immunogenicity and immune persistence of human rabies vaccine(Vero cell)in healthy people aged 10-17 years and compare it with a group of adults aged 18-60 years.MethodsThis study was conducted between July 2021 and November 2022 with Shangyu district and Shengzhou city of Shaoxing city,Zhejiang Province selected as the research sites.Zagreb regimen(2-1-1 schedule)and Essen regimen(1-1-1-1-1 schedule)were used for rabies vaccine administration.Serum samples were collected at different time points before and after immunization to compare the differences in seropositivity rates and geometric mean concentrations(GMC)between the 10-17 age group and the 18-60 age group.ResultsA total of 1200 healthy participants aged 10-60 were included,with 157 individuals(13.1%)in the 10-17 age group and 1043 individuals(86.9%)in the 18-60 age group.Both groups displayed a nearly 100%seropositivity rate at 3,6 and 12 months,and the participants in the same age group had similar antibody levels.The GMC of antibodies gradually increased after vaccination and peaked on 14 d.The 10-17 age group showed higher GMC of antibodies than the 18-60 age group at 14 d after the first dose(Zagreb regimen:81.85 IU/ml vs 63.15 IU/ml,t=2.411,P=0.018;Essen regimen:86.61 IU/ml vs 69.24 IU/ml,t=3.906,P<0.001).Similar differences were observed in the GMC of antibodies at 14 d and 3 months after the full vaccination course,but these differences gradually decreased and disappeared at 6 and 12 months after vaccination.ConclusionsHuman rabies vaccine(Vero cell)has lasting immune protection in all participants within one year after vaccination,with no significant differences between the two vaccination regimens.Participants aged 10-17 have higher antibody levels compared to adults aged 18-60,but there is no significant difference in immune persistence between the two age groups.

关 键 词：狂犬病疫苗 VERO细胞 未成年人 免疫效果 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]