南极大气环境下Q460和Q690低合金钢的腐蚀行为  

Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior of Q460 and Q690 Low Alloy Steels in Antarctic Environment

作　　者：闫茂鑫 李杰 王哲超 姚旭 胡秉晨 葛峰 崔中雨 王昕[1] 崔洪芝 YAN Maoxin;LI Jie;WANG Zhechao;YAO Xu;HU Bingchen;GE Feng;CUI Zhongyu;WANG Xin;CUI Hongzhi(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Polar Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200136,China;Beijing National Innovation Institute of Lightweight Ltd,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学材料科学与工程学院,青岛266100 [2]中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所),上海200136 [3]北京轻量化国家创新研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《金属学报》2025年第2期297-308,共12页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：装备预研领域基金项目,No.80922010601;山东省优青项目,No.ZR2022YQ44;山东省重大科技创新工程项目,No.2020-CXGC010305。

摘　　要：为探究海工钢极地环境适用性,本工作基于室外暴露实验,通过腐蚀速率测试、腐蚀形貌分析以及腐蚀产物分析等方法,研究了Q460和Q690低合金钢在南极大气环境下暴露1个月和12个月的腐蚀行为。结果表明,南极低温环境冰层、雪层覆盖下电化学腐蚀过程依然可以发生。暴露初期,冰雪冻-融环境导致液膜长周期存在,促进了腐蚀的进行并且加速了局部腐蚀,Q460和Q690钢的腐蚀速率分别为29.7和77.0μm/a。暴露12个月后,腐蚀速率分别降低至10.7和18.7μm/a,腐蚀产物主要由α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、β-FeOOH和Fe_(3)O_(4)/γ-Fe_(2)O_(3)组成。由于Cl^(-)的存在,Q460钢和Q690钢的锈层产生了较多的β-FeOOH和裂纹。长周期暴露时,金属表面被冰雪所覆盖,冰层以及锈层对溶解氧及侵蚀性离子的阻挡使得腐蚀的发生受到了抑制,并且局部腐蚀向均匀腐蚀演变。The environment of the polar regions substantially differs from that at middle and low altitudes,resulting in the distinct degradation behavior of materials in these environments.Low alloy steels with high strength and good corrosion resistance are widely used as structural steels in engineering,but their corrosion behavior in the Antarctic atmosphere has been rarely reported.In the present work,an outdoor exposure experiment was conducted at the Zhongshan station,a research station located in Antarctica,to investigate the atmospheric corrosion behavior of Q460 and Q690 low alloy steels after 1 and 12 month exposures.The surface and cross-sectional morphologies were observed by SEM,and the phase composition of the rust layer was identified by XRD and Raman spectroscopy.The surface morphology and topography of the steel after removing the corrosion products were visualized by SEM and CLSM,respectively.The results show that the electrochemical corrosion process can occur beneath the snow and ice layer in the extremely low temperatures of the Antarctic environment.In the early stage of exposure,the freeze-thaw cycling of ice and snow leads to the development of a surface electrolyte film which persists for a long time,and this promotes corrosion reactions and accelerates localized corrosion.The corrosion rates of Q460 steel and Q690 steel were 29.7 and 77.0μm/a,respectively,after a one-month exposure to the Antarctic environment.After 12 months of exposure,the corrosion rate decreased to 10.7 and18.7μm/a,respectively.The main corrosion products were goethite,lepidocrocite,akaganeite,and magnetite/maghemite.Over the short term,the ice and snow layer meant there were more chloride ions at the interface between the metal and the rust layer compared to warmer environments,and this resulted in more akaganeite forming within the rust layer as well as severe localized corrosion beneath the rust layer.Moreover,due to the freeze-thaw cycles of the surface ice and snow in the low temperature environment,more cracks were pro

关 键 词：南极环境 大气腐蚀 低合金钢 锈层 冻-融环境 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]