环境健康保障的生态环境法典表达  

Expression of the Ecological Environment Code for Environmental Health Protection

作　　者：朱炳成 ZHU Bing-cheng

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2025年第2期17-35,共19页Administrative Law Review

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金青年项目“环境健康权保护的公私法协动进路研究”(项目批准号:21CFX049)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：保障公众健康既是生态环境法治的原初目的之一,也是编纂生态环境法典的重要目标。这不仅要求生态环境法典在理念层面呼应“以人为本”的中国式现代化的宗旨,也要求从立法目的、基本原则、基本制度等方面构建健全的环境健康法治体系。我国环境健康法治保障在理念实现机制、规范体系和监管体制等方面难以适应以风险防范为核心的环境健康法治需求,困顿于“见物不见人”之弊。在此情况下,应以生态环境法典编纂为契机,发挥法典的体系化效益,完善环境健康权益保障体系,在可持续发展理念的指引下,以环境健康法的秩序价值为导向,构建以环境健康风险预防为中心、以公众健康优先保护为根本、以公众参与为基础的环境健康保障的法治原则。在生态环境法典中,宜采用“总则编专节+分则编特别规定”的篇章结构,通过健全的环境健康保障体制、机制和制度,实现环境健康保障与生态环境法律体系的融合与内洽。Protecting public health is not only one of the original purposes of the ecological enviromental rule of law but also an important goal for compiling the ecological environment code.This requires that the ecological environment code should echo the inherent requirements of the people-oriented Chinese modernization at the conceptual level,and also demands the construction of a sound legal system for environmental health from aspects such as legislative purposes,basic principles,and basic systems.In China,the legal guarantee for environmental health has difficulty adapting to the legal requirements for environmental health centered on risk prevention in terms of the concept realization mechanism,the regulatory system,and the supervision system,and is trapped in the drawback of“focusing on things rather than people”.Under such circumstances,taking the compilation of the ecological environment code as an opportunity,we should give play to the systematization benefits of the code,improve the protection system for environmental health rights and interests,and under the guidance of the concept of sustainable development and oriented by the order value of the environmental health law,construct the legal principles for environmental health protection that center on environmental health risk prevention,prioritize the protection of public health as the fundamental,and take public participation as the basis.In the ecological environment code,it is advisable to adopt the chapter structure of“a special section in the general provisions volume+special provisions in other volume”.Through a sound environmental health protection system,mechanism,and institutions,the integration and internal consistency between environmental health protection and the ecological environment legal system can be achieved.

关 键 词：环境健康 环境健康风险 生态环境法典 法典化 保障公众健康 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]