聚酰亚胺基复合泡沫的渐进导电网络结构设计及电磁屏蔽性能  

Progressive Conductive Network Structure Designs and Electromagnetic Shielding Performances of Polyimide-based Composite Foams

作　　者：李泽鹏 王壮壮 杨雅琦[1] 刘亚青[1] 赵贵哲[1] 段宏基[1] LI Zepeng;WANG Zhuangzhuang;YANG Yaqi;LIU Yaqing;ZHAO Guizhe;DUAN Hongji(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Composites Materials,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,功能高分子复合材料山西省重点实验室,山西太原030051

出　　处：《塑料工业》2025年第2期27-34,117,共9页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52403058);山西省基础研究计划自然科学研究面上项目(20210302123015,20210302123035,20210302124356);国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0204200);中国—白俄罗斯电磁环境效应“一带一路”联合实验室开放基金项目(ZBKF2022030301);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2021-128)。

摘　　要：采用银包覆铝粉(Al@Ag)、碳纳米管(CNT)、还原氧化石墨烯负载四氧化三铁(rGO@Fe_3O_4)为电磁功能填料,将其分别与水溶性聚酰胺酸盐(PAA)混合,通过逐层浇筑-冷冻干燥及退火处理方法制备得到具有渐进导电网络结构的聚酰亚胺(PI)复合泡沫;研究了复合泡沫的微观形貌、电导率、电磁屏蔽性能以及力学性能,并讨论了导电网络结构对复合泡沫屏蔽性能及屏蔽机理的影响。通过合理的渐进导电网络结构设计以及电-磁梯度调控,PI复合泡沫在保持其优异力学性能、热绝缘性能的同时,实现了以吸收机制为主的高效电磁屏蔽特性。复合泡沫在8.2~12.4 GHz的屏蔽效能达到60 dB,且反射系数仅为0.32,表现出优异的低反射屏蔽特性。In this work,silver-coated aluminum powder(Al@Ag),carbon nanotubes(CNT)and reduced graphene oxide coated ferroferric oxideare(rGO@Fe3 O4)were selected as the conductive fillers.Then,they were mixed with water-soluble polyamide acids(PAA).Finally,the polyimide(PI)composite foams with progressive conductive network structures were fabricated via layer-by-layer casting,freeze-drying and annealing processes.The microstructures,electrical conductivity,electromagnetic shielding properties and mechanical properties of PI composite foams were investigated.The influences of the conductive network structures on the shielding performances and mechanisms of composite foams were also discussed.Through the reasonable progressive conductive network structure designs and electric-magnetic gradient regulations,the PI composite foams exhibit reliable absorption dominated features while maintaining the excellent mechanical and thermal insulation properties.The shielding efficiency of composite foams at 8.2-12.4 GHz reaches 60 dB,and the reflection coefficient is only 0.32,showing excellent low reflection shielding characteristics.

关 键 词：渐进导电网络 聚酰亚胺复合泡沫 低反射 电磁屏蔽 

分 类 号：TQ323.7[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]