锑清洁冶金技术发展现状  

Current Development Status of Clean Metallurgical Technologies for Antimony

作　　者：朱强 杨建广 唐施阳 南天翔 刘将 叶文龙 唐朝波 ZHU Qiang;YANG Jianguang;TANG Shiyang;NAN Tianxiang;LIU Jiang;YE Wenlong;TANG Chaobo(School of Metallurgy and Envi ronment,Central South Uni versity,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《有色金属(冶炼部分)》2025年第4期30-38,共9页Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074362);广西科技重大专项(2024AA29011)。

摘　　要：锑属于我国战略优势金属,主要源自硫化锑矿冶炼提取,其化合物在阻燃材料、合金制造以及光伏玻璃等领域发挥着不可或缺的作用。当前我国主要采用“鼓风炉挥发—反射炉还原”工艺生产金属锑,由于其焦率大、氧浓度低,冶炼过程产生大量低浓度SO2烟气,造成环境污染问题严重。在我国“双碳”战略目标实施和生态环境综合治理背景下,能否实现低碳、清洁环保炼锑现已成为我国锑冶炼产业可持续发展的关键问题。综述锑冶炼在绿色工艺开发方面最新成果,全面梳理总结硫化锑矿冶炼方面技术现状和研究进展,重点介绍了熔盐电解脱硫炼锑新技术,旨在为锑冶炼行业绿色可持续发展提供建议与指导。Antimony is classified as a strategically advantageous metal in China,primarily sourced from the smelting and extraction of stibnite ore.Its compounds play an indispensable role in the production of flame retardants,alloy manufacturing,and photovoltaic glass.Currently,the predominant method for producing metallic antimony in China involves the“Blast furnace volatilization-Reverberatory furnace reduction”process.This process is characterized by a high coke rate and low oxygen concentration during smelting,resulting in the emission of large quantities of low-concentration SO2,thereby causing severe environmental pollution.In the context of China's implementation of the“Dual carbon”strategic goals and comprehensive ecological environment management,achieving low-carbon and environmentally clean antimony smelting has become a critical issue for the sustainable development of the antimony smelting industry.The latest advancements in the development of green processes for antimony smelting were reviewed,the current technological status and research progress in stibnite ore smelting was comprehensively summarized,and the features of the new molten salt electrolysis technology for desulfurization and antimony production were highlighted.The aim is to provide recommendations and guidance for the green and sustainable development of the antimony smelting industry.

关 键 词：锑冶金 硫化锑精矿 火法 湿法 熔盐电解 

分 类 号：TF818[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]