钢渣吸附废水中重金属离子的研究现状  

Research Status of Steel Slag Adsorption for Heavy Metal Ions in Wastewater

作　　者：李晔 赵恒泽 齐艺裴 张渝 LI Ye;ZHAO Hengze;QI Yipei;ZHANG Yu(School of Emergency Management and Safety Engi neering,North China University of Sci ence and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China;Tangshan Key Laboratory of Mi ne Safety and Emergency Management,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学应急管理与安全工程学院,河北唐山063210 [2]唐山市矿山安全与应急管理重点实验室,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《有色金属(冶炼部分)》2025年第4期84-94,共11页Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：河北省中央引导地方科技专项项目(236Z7603G);唐山市科技计划项目(23130211E);高校基本科研业务费资助项目(JQN2023004)。

摘　　要：钢渣具有密度大、比表面积高,固液分离快等特点,在废水处理领域受到广泛关注。基于对近年来钢渣吸附去除废水中重金属离子相关研究的调研,总结归纳钢渣的吸附机理以及钢渣吸附剂的研究现状,提出钢渣吸附剂在废水中重金属离子处理中的问题及发展趋势。研究表明:钢渣的吸附机理主要表现为化学吸附,其对废水中重金属阳离子具有较好的吸附效果。影响钢渣吸附重金属离子的主要因素包括溶液pH、重金属离子初始浓度、重金属离子种类、吸附时间、钢渣用量、钢渣粒径、钢渣的选择性等。由于钢渣本身的吸附性能不高,可以通过改性、复合等方法制备出具有更高吸附率的钢渣吸附剂。但目前该类钢渣吸附剂中钢渣的利用率偏低。此外,针对钢渣基吸附剂在应用中存在的问题,如后续无害化处理、吸附剂的循环再利用、真实工业废水吸附等,提出了切实可行的解决方案,可为钢渣在废水处理领域的利用提供参考,为钢渣基吸附剂的改性制备提供借鉴。Steel slag,characterized by its high density,large specific surface area,and rapid solid-liquid separation,has garnered significant attention in the field of wastewater treatment.Based on the research on the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater by steel slag adsorption in recent years,the adsorption mechanism of steel slag and the research status of steel slag adsorbents were summarized,and the problems and development trends of steel slag adsorbents in the treatment of heavy metal ions in wastewater were put forward.The results indicate that the adsorption mechanism of steel slag is mainly chemical adsorption,which has a good adsorption effect on heavy metal cations in wastewater.The main factors affecting the adsorption of heavy metal ions by steel slag include pH value of solution,initial concentration of heavy metal ions,types of heavy metal ions,adsorption time,dosage of steel slag,particle size of steel slag,and selectivity of steel slag.Due to its inherently low adsorption capacity,the steel slag adsorbent with higher adsorption rate can be prepared through modifications and composite formations.But at present,the utilization rate of steel slag in these enhanced adsorbents is low.In addition,in view of the problems existing in the application of steel slag based adsorbents,such as post-treatment harmlessness,recycling of adsorbents,and adsorption of real industrial wastewater,practical solutions were proposed.This research offers valuable insights for the application of steel slag in the field of wastewater treatment,and provides reference for the preparation of steel slag based adsorbent.

关 键 词：钢渣 吸附剂 重金属 吸附机理 废水 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X75