两种诺尼果多糖的组成结构及体外降糖、降脂活性比较  

Composition,structure and comparison of in vitro hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic activities of two polysaccharides extracted from Noni fruit

作　　者：李泓杭 吴小勇 梁键 王志江 LI Honghang;WU Xiaoyong;LIANG Jian;WANG Zhijiang(School of Food Science,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Zhongshan,Guangdong 528453,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学食品科学学院,广东中山528453

出　　处：《食品与机械》2025年第1期165-171,共7页Food and Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2023YFC3606200);广东省教育厅项目(编号:2023KTSCX055);广东省中医药管理局项目(编号:20232089)。

摘　　要：[目的]对源于诺尼果的两个多糖组分的组成结构进行表征,并比较其体外降糖、降脂活性。[方法]采用水提醇沉法从诺尼果中提取分离出NFP-30和NFP-80两个多糖组分,通过理化分析、光谱分析、扫描电镜分析等手段对两种多糖进行表征,并通过α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰脂肪酶抑制率评估其体外降糖、降脂活性。[结果]NFP-30、NFP-80组分中中性糖含量分别为(50.73±1.32)%,(42.30±1.11)%,糖醛酸含量分别为(61.48±0.40)%,(27.05±0.28)%,说明两者均为酸性多糖。在通过DEAE-52层析柱时,两种多糖均在NaCl浓度为0.9 mol/L时出现一个主峰,说明两者的组分较为集中。从对α-葡萄糖苷酶的最大抑制率来看,NFP-30的为58.45%,NFP-80的为0.21%;从对胰脂肪酶的最大抑制率来看,NFP-30的为34.63%,NFP-80的为9.77%,NFP-80对两种酶活性的抑制率均明显低于NFP-30。[结论]NFP-30的中性糖含量和糖醛酸含量均高于NFP-80的,其体外降糖、降脂活性也优于NFP-80。[Objective]This paper aims to characterize the composition and structure of two polysaccharides extracted from Noni fruit and compare their in vitro hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic activities.[Methods]Two polysaccharides,NFP-30 and NFP-80,were extracted and isolated from Noni fruit by water extraction and ethanol precipitation method.They were then characterized by means of physicochemical analyses,spectral analyses,and scanning electron microscopy observations,and their in vitro hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic activities were evaluated by the determination of the inhibition rates ofα-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase.[Results]The neutral sugar contents of NFP-30 and NFP-80 were(50.73±1.32)%and(42.30±1.11)%,respectively,and the glucuronic acid contents were(61.48±0.40)%and(27.05±0.28)%,respectively,which indicated that both of them were acidic polysaccharides.When passing through the DEAE-52 chromatographic column,both polysaccharides had a main peak at the NaCl concentration of 0.9 mol/L,indicating that the components of both polysaccharides were relatively concentrated.In terms of the maximum inhibition rate ofα-glucosidase,NFP-30 reached 58.45%,while NFP-80 only had 0.21%.In terms of the maximum inhibition rate of pancreatic lipase,NFP-30 reached 34.63%,while NFP-80 only had 9.77%,and the inhibition rate of NFP-80 on the activities of the two enzymes was significantly lower than that of NFP-30.[Conclusion]The neutral sugar content and glucuronic acid content of NFP-30 are higher than those of NFP-80,and its in vitro hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic activities are better than those of NFP-80.

关 键 词：诺尼果 多糖 结构表征 降糖 降脂 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]