北京市非物质文化遗产时空分布特征及旅游响应  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics and Tourism Response of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Beijing

作　　者：孙亚东 刘敏[2] SUN Yadong;LIU Min(College of Applied Arts and Science,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100191,China;Tourism Institute,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京100191 [2]北京联合大学旅游学院,北京100101

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报》2025年第2期58-65,73,共9页Journal of Beijing Union University

基　　金：2024年文化和旅游部部级社科研究项目“旅游休闲街区高质量发展的治理模式创新研究”(24DY09)。

摘　　要：非物质文化遗产是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分。综合运用区位熵、时空演化树模型、地理探测器等方法,分析了北京市423项国家级和市级非物质文化遗产的时空分布特征及其影响因素,并借助SPSS软件探讨了非遗资源分布与旅游运行的关系。研究发现:1)北京市非遗资源丰富,整体呈现出空间分布不均衡的集聚特征,其中民间文学、传统音乐、传统舞蹈、传统戏剧、曲艺和民俗等6类项目集聚态势明显;2)北京市源于明清时期的非遗项目较多,呈现出“先集中、后分散、再集中”的时序演变特征;3)北京市非遗的空间分布受自然地理、经济、社会文化等因素的综合影响,其中社会文化是主导因素;4)北京市非遗资源分布与旅游业的运行发展存在显著正相关关系,非遗资源集聚区的旅游业发展水平相对较高。根据分析结果,研究建议应进一步挖掘不同门类和不同历史时期的非遗资源,重视非遗原真性和传承人的保护,积极探索“非遗+旅游”的文旅融合发展路径。Intangible cultural heritage(ICH)is an important component of fine traditional Chinese culture.By employing methods such as location entropy,spatio temporal evolution tree models,and geographic detectors,this study analyzes the spatio temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 423 national and municipal intangible cultural heritage items in Beijing.Additionally,using SPSS software,the relationship between the distribution of intangible cultural heritage resources and tourism operations is explored.The research findings are as follows:1)Beijing’s intangible cultural heritage resources are abundant,exhibiting an uneven spatial distribution with notable clustering,particularly in six categories:folk literature,traditional music,traditional dance,traditional drama,traditional art forms(quyi),and folklore.2)Many intangible cultural heritage items in Beijing originate from the Ming and Qing dynasties,showing a temporal evolution pattern of“first concentration,then dispersion,and later concentration”.3)The spatial distribution of intangible cultural heritage in Beijing is influenced by a combination of natural geography,economy,and socio-cultural factors,with socio-cultural factors being the dominant influence.4)There is a significant positive correlation between the distribution of intangible cultural heritage resources and the development of tourism,with tourism in resource-rich areas being relatively advanced.Based on the analysis results,the study suggests that further exploration of the ICH resources from different categories and historical periods,emphasizing the protection of authenticity and inheritors,and actively exploring the integration of“ICH+tourism”for cultural tourism development.

关 键 词：非物质文化遗产 时空分布 旅游响应 谱系年代 影响因素 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理]