不同冠层发展阶段冠层阻力对森林蒸散发估算的影响  

Influences of canopy resistance on forest evapotranspiration estimates at different development stages

作　　者：周晨冉 程磊[1] 秦淑静 张橹 付琛昊 ZHOU Chenran;CHENG Lei;QIN Shujing;ZHANG Lu;FU Chenhao(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第3期154-162,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2340207,52209068,52350710209);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2024T170681)。

摘　　要：为系统评估不同冠层发展阶段下冠层阻力模型在估算森林蒸散发中的适用性,比较不同模型对冠层阻力的模拟效果,并深入分析冠层阻力的主要影响因素及其对蒸散发估算结果的影响机制。该研究选取常用的9种冠层阻力模型,基于汉江流域典型森林生态系统武当通量观测站(武当站)2021—2023年的涡度相关通量观测数据,计算冠层阻力并代入Penman-Monteith(P-M)模型估算蒸散发,分析在不同冠层发展阶段,不同冠层阻力模型模拟的冠层阻力及估算出的森林蒸散发,并进一步分析冠层阻力的主要影响因素。结果表明:1)整个生长季,Stannard模型(ST)的全球性能评价指标(G_(PI))分数最高,综合表现最好。9种模型模拟效果排序为Stannard (ST)>Katerji-Perrier(KP)>Jarvis(JA)>Leuning (RL)>Massman(MA)>García-Santos(GA)>Farias(FA)>Ball-Berry-Leuning(BBL)>Todorovic(TD);2)在低覆盖度阶段,JA模型综合表现最好,其原因在于该模型考虑该阶段影响冠层阻力的最主要因素叶面积指数(LAI)和温度(T_(a))。3)高覆盖度阶段,KP模型精确地集成了该阶段冠层阻力的主导影响因素饱和水汽压差(VPD),模拟的冠层阻力与实际冠层阻力最为接近,估算的蒸散发效果最好。因此在高冠层覆盖度时推荐使用KP模型,低冠层覆盖度时优先选用JA模型估算的冠层阻力嵌入Penman-Monteith(P-M),以准确估算森林潜热。This research aims to evaluate the canopy-resistance models in the forest evapotranspiration(ET) estimates across various stages of canopy development.A systematic analysis was also conducted to compare the performances of different models after simulation.The principal influencing factors of canopy resistance and the underlying mechanisms were determined to clarify the impact on the estimation of ET.Nine frequently used canopy-resistance models were selected after optimization.The data source was the eddy-covariance flux observation that collected from 2021 to 2023 at the Wudang Flux Observation Station(Wudang Station),which was represented a typical forest ecosystem in the Hanjiang River Basin.Initially,the canopy resistance was calculated using these observational data.Subsequently,the Penman-Monteith(P-M) model was incorporated to estimate the ET of the forest ecosystem.A comparison was also carried out on the canopy resistance and ET of the forest ecosystem during different stages of canopy development.Specifically,the canopy resistance was simulated by each of the nine canopy-resistance models.While the forest ET was estimated in each stage of canopy development.Additionally,the main influencing factors of canopy resistance were determined after comparison.When considering the entire growing season,the Stannard model(ST) demonstrated the highest score 0.97 in the Global Performance Indicator(GPI),indicating the overall superior performance among all the models.The performance of the nine models was ranked in the descending order of the Stannard(ST) > Katerji-Perrier(KP) > Jarvis(JA) > Leuning(RL) > Massman(MA) > García-Santos(GA) > Farias(FA) > Ball-Berry-Leuning(BBL) > Todorovic(TD).The Stannard model can be expected to provide more accurate simulations of canopy resistance,thereby leading to a more reliable estimation of forest ET.Furthermore,the JA model emerged as the top-performing model in the low-coverage stage.The reason was that the leaf area index and air temperature were considered the two most

关 键 词：冠层阻力 模型 蒸散发 不同覆盖度 森林 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]