喷施不同诱抗剂对葡萄热害及果实品质的影响  

Effects of Spraying Different Resistance Inducers on Heat Injury and Fruit Quality of Grape

作　　者：沈雷定 李燕 陈烨锜 郑婷[3] 魏灵珠[3] 向江 吴江[3] 程建徽[3] SHEN Leiding;LI Yan;CHEN Yeqi;ZHENG Ting;WEI Lingzhu;XIANG Jiang;WU Jiang;CHENG Jianhui(Agricultural and Rural Office of Shimen Town,Tongxiang City,Jiaxing 314512,China;Zhejiang Station of Seed Management,Hangzhou 310020,China;Institute of Horticulture,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]桐乡市石门镇农业农村办公室,浙江嘉兴314512 [2]浙江省种子管理总站,浙江杭州310020 [3]浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2025年第2期30-37,共8页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：浙江省农业(果品)新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02066-6);浙江省三农九方科技协作计划(2023SNJF018)财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-29-13)。

摘　　要：为调查诱抗剂对葡萄热害和果实品质的影响,分别用哈茨木霉菌(YT1)、3%寡糖·3%链蛋白(YT2)、5%氨基寡糖素(YT3)、1%香菇多糖(YT4)、黄腐酸钾(YT5)、海藻精(YT6)6种诱抗剂喷施‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄。结果表明,6种诱抗剂均能降低‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄的热害率,其中YT5的效果最好,热害率为4.0%,且葡萄可溶性固形物含量较高,达19.8%;YT6处理的葡萄果穗和果粒较大,为723.5、11.6 g。从叶片结构来看,YT5和YT6处理的叶片厚度较对照增厚35.9%、34.4%,叶肉厚度均增加44.2%,海绵组织厚度分别增加60.7%、66.1%,叶片叶绿素含量较对照显著提高13.0%、7.7%。相关性分析表明,热害指数与可滴定酸含量成极显著正相关;叶片海绵组织厚度与热害率、热害指数呈极显著或显著负相关,可作为评价葡萄热害发生的重要参考指标。采用主成分分析对不同诱抗剂进行综合评价,排名为YT5、YT6、YT4、YT2、YT3、YCK、YT1。综上,黄腐酸钾在防治葡萄叶片热害、提高葡萄可溶性固形物以及提高光合能力方面效果显著。To investigate the effects of resistance inducers on heat damage and fruit quality of grape,six elicitors,namely trichoderma harzianum(YT1),3% oligosaccharide·3% chain protein(YT2),5%aminooligosaccharide(YT3),1% lentinan(YT4),potassium fulvic acid(YT5),and seaweed extract(YT6),were sprayed on'Shine Muscat'grapevine.The results showed that all elicitors could reduce the incidence rate of heat injury.YT5 showed optimal performance with the lowest heat injury rate(4.0%)and higher soluble solids content(19.8%).YT6 treatment produced larger grape clusters and berries(723.5 g and 11.6 g,respectively).From the perspective of leaf structure,YT5 and YT6 treatments increased leaf thickness by 35.9% and 34.4%,mesophyll thickness by 44.2%,and spongy tissue thickness by 60.7% and 66.1%,respectively,compared to control.Chlorophyll content significantly increased by 13.0% and 7.7% in YT5 and YT6 treatments.Correlation analysis revealed a extremely significant positive correlation between heat injury index and titratable acid content,while spongy tissue thickness showed significantly negative correlations with heat injury rate and index,suggesting that it could serve as a key indicator for evaluating heat injury.Principal component analysis ranked the inducers as YT5 > YT6 > YT4 > YT2 > YT3 > YCK > YT1. Potassium fulvic acid (YT5) exhibited remarkable efficacy in preventing leaf heat injury, increasing soluble solids content, and improving photosynthetic capacity.

关 键 词：葡萄 诱抗剂 生长 热害 品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S428[农业科学—园艺学]