避雨设施条件下不同葡萄品种光合特性和产量分析  

Analysis of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yields of Different Grape Varieties under Rain-sheltered Cultivation

作　　者：韩真 吴玉森 朱自果 李秀杰 李勃 HAN Zhen;WU Yusen;ZHU Ziguo;LI Xiujie;LI Bo(Shandong Academy of Grape,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省葡萄研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2025年第2期38-44,共7页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2022TZXD0011);山东省技术创新引导计划(YDZX2023100)国家现代葡萄产业技术体系专项(CARS-29-16)山东省农业重大技术协同推广项目(SDNYXTTG-2024-26);山东省农业良种工程(2022LZGCQY019)。

摘　　要：为了筛选适宜山东地区避雨设施栽培的葡萄品种,本研究以‘夏黑’‘巨玫瑰’‘阳光玫瑰’‘蜜光’‘春光’‘锦华’‘锦红’‘锦蜜’‘早霞玫瑰’和87-1等10个品种为试材,比较和分析了葡萄叶片的叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度和蒸腾速率及产量等参数。结果表明,避雨设施使棚内光照强度降低了12.59%~55.15%。在10个品种中,‘锦红’的叶绿素a、叶绿素(a+b)含量显著高于其他品种;87-1净光合速率峰值最高,为19.83μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),‘锦红’的净光合速率日均值最高,为14.30μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),且两品种连续两年的产量均显著高于其他品种。综合来看,87-1和‘锦红’光合利用效率高,光适应范围广,连年丰产性好,适合在山东地区设施避雨栽培中推广。In order to screen out grape cultivars suitable for rain-sheltered cultivation in Shandong region,this study used 10 table grape cultivars,including‘Summer Black’‘Jumeigui’‘ShineMuscat’‘Miguang’‘Chunguang’‘Jinhua’‘Jinhong’‘Jinmi’‘Zaoxiameigui’and 87-1 as materials,to compare and analyse the chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,transpiration rate,as well as yields.The results indicated that the rain shelter reduced the light intensity by 12.59% to 55.15%.The contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll(a+b)in‘Jinhong’were significantly higher than other cultivars.The maximum net photosynthetic rate of 87-1 was the highest of all,which was 19.83μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).The average daily net photosynthetic rate of‘Jinhong’was the highest,which was 14.30μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).The yields of 87-1 and‘Jinhong’were significantly higher than other cultivars for two consecutive years.In conclusion,87-1 and‘Jinhong’had high photosynthetic efficiency,a wide range of light adaptation,and a high ability for sustainable productivity,making them suitable for promotion of rainsheltered cultivation in Shandong region.

关 键 词：避雨栽培 鲜食葡萄 光合特性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]