‘阳光玫瑰’错季栽培的二次果促花技术研究  

Research on Techniques for Promoting Flowering of the Second Fruits in Off-Season Cultivation of‘Shine Muscat’Grapes

作　　者：李胜 曹卓 张德辉 刘建伟 陈勇[1] 陈文婷[1] 杨国顺[1] 白描[1] LI Sheng;CAO Zhuo;ZHANG Dehui;LIU Jianwei;CHEN Yong;CHEN Wenting;YANG Guoshun;BAI Miao(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2025年第2期45-52,共8页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：财政部和农村农业部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-29-zp-9)。

摘　　要：通过二次果进行错季栽培,调控上市时间,是解决目前我国主栽鲜食葡萄品种‘阳光玫瑰’季节性相对过剩的一个重要手段。错季栽培过程中,关键难点在于二次果成花困难。为解决此问题,本研究采用矮壮素(CCC)+苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)、矮壮素+胺鲜酯(DA-6)、缩节胺(MC)+苄氨基嘌呤和缩节胺+胺鲜酯等4种处理组合,分别试验了其对主梢和副梢上的冬芽、副梢上的夏芽花芽分化的影响以及促花效果。结果发现,相比于对照,各处理都显著提高了冬芽和夏芽的成花率,其中主梢上冬芽的成花率达到90%以上,副梢上冬芽的成花率达到80%以上,不同处理间无显著差异;副梢上夏芽的成花率达到60%以上,以CCC+DA-6处理效果最好,成花率达到94.12%。本研究选择了不同类型的芽萌发后的枝条作为二次果结果枝,应用不同植物生长调节剂组合,探索出了有效的二次果促花方案,对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄的二次果生产和成熟期调控具有重要的指导意义。Addressing the seasonal surplus of'Shine Muscat',a prominent table grape variety cultivated in China,off-season cultivation utilizing the second fruit set is a crucial strategy to regulate market entry timing.The primary challenge in this off-season cultivation lies in inducing flowering for the second fruit set.To tackle this,our study examined four treatment combinations:chlormequat chloride(CCC)paired with 6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA),CCC paired with diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate(DA-6),mepiquat chloride(MC)paired with 6-BA,and MC paired with DA-6.These combinations were tested separately to observe their impacts on the inflorescence differentiation and flowering promotion effects of dormant buds on the main shoots and lateral shoots,as well as the prompt buds on the lateral shoots.Our findings revealed that,compared to the control,all treatments significantly enhanced the flowering rates of both dormant and prompt buds.Specifically,the flowering rate of dormant buds on main shoots surpassed 90%,and that of dormant buds on lateral shoots exceeded 80%,with no significant differences observed among the various treatments.Moreover,the flowering rate of prompt buds on lateral shoots reached over 60%,with the CCC+DA-6 treatment exhibiting the most favorable outcome,achieving a flowering rate of 94.12%.In this study,we selected different types of buds as potential fruiting branches for the second fruit set and applied various combinations of plant growth regulators to develop effective flowering promotion protocols for the second fruit set.The results have significant implications for the production of the second fruit set and maturity regulation in'Shine Muscat'grape,providing valuable guidance for optimizing off-season cultivation practices.

关 键 词：葡萄 阳光玫瑰 错季栽培 二次果 促花 花芽分化 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]