葡萄枝条降解菌的筛选及复合菌液降解效果研究  

Screening of Grape Branch Degrading Bacteria and the Degradation Effect of Composite Bacterial Solution

作　　者：刘超 姜雨晴 武梦真 冯长长 杨恩帅 高振[1] 杜远鹏[1] LIU Chao;JIANG Yuqing;WU Mengzhen;FENG Zhangzhang;YANG Enshuai;GAO Zhen;DU Yuanpeng(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 272018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安272018

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2025年第2期53-61,共9页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划资助(2022TZXD0010)财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-29-zp-1)。

摘　　要：枝条发酵还田是资源化再利用的有效方式。本研究从葡萄枝条堆肥样品中筛选到了纤维素降解菌Ⅱ6(戴尔福特菌Delftiatsuruhatensis)和木质素降解菌种11B(贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillusvelezensis)、12YB(瓜里科州假单胞菌Pseudomonasguariconensis),对其产酶能力进行测定,并进一步构建复合菌液开展葡萄枝条堆肥试验。结果表明,菌种Ⅱ6纤维素酶活性浓度(CA)为8.18 U·mL^(-1),滤纸酶活性浓度(FPA)为8.84 U·mL^(-1)。2株木质素降解菌11B和12YB产漆酶(Lac)能力分别为35.35、40.98 U·mL^(-1),产过氧化物酶(Lip)能力为86.11、116.25 U·mL^(-1),产锰过氧化物酶(Mnp)能力为88.07、93.93 U·mL^(-1)。接种3株菌构成的复合菌液能够延长堆肥的高温期,提高枝条降解率。本文筛选出葡萄枝条腐解菌种,并明确其对葡萄枝条堆肥过程中产生的影响,对果园实际生产中的废弃枝条资源化利用具有一定意义。Branches fermented and returned to the field is an effective way to reuse resources.In this study,cellulosedegrading bacteria II6(Delftia tsuruhatensis)and lignin-degrading strains 11B(Bacillus velezensis)and 12YB(Pseudomonas guariconensis)were screened from grapevine branch compost samples.Their enzyme production capacities were determined,and the composite bacterial solution was further constructed to carry out grape branch composting test.The results showed that the cellulase activity concentration(CA)of strain II6 was 8.18 U·mL^(-1) and the filter paper enzyme activity concentration(FPA)was 8.84 U·mL^(-1).The two lignin-degrading bacterial strains 11B and 12YB had laccase(Lac)producing capacities of 35.35 U·mL^(-1) and 40.98 U·mL^(-1),peroxidase(Lip)producing capacities of 86.11 U·mL^(-1) and 116.25 U·mL^(-1),and manganese peroxidase(Mnp)producing capacities of 88.07 U·mL^(-1) and 93.93 U·mL^(-1).The composite solution inoculated with the three strains of bacteria was able to prolong the high temperature period of the compost and increase the branch degradation rate.In this paper,we screened out the grapevine branch decomposing bacterial strains and clarified their effects on the composting process of grapevine branches,which is of certain significance to the resource utilization of waste branches in the actual production of orchards.

关 键 词：葡萄枝条 木质素降解菌 纤维素降解菌 枝条腐解 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]