基于CO I基因的西北太平洋日本鳀群体遗传结构研究  

Genetic structure of Engraulis japonicus populations in the Northwest Pacific Ocean based on CO I gene

作　　者：宋成辉 徐蓓韵 刘洋[1,2,3,4,5] 刘必林[1,2,3,4,5] 王丛丛 SONG Chenghui;XU Beiyun;LIU Yang;LIU Bilin;WANG Congcong(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306 [5]农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2025年第1期10-19,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：农业农村部全球渔业资源调查监测评估(公海渔业资源综合科学调查)专项。

摘　　要：为了解西北太平洋海域日本鳀(Engraulis japonicus)的群体遗传结构,更好地对其进行资源开发和管理,利用线粒体CO I基因对西北太平洋海域8个日本鳀群体共203尾样本进行群体遗传多样性和遗传变异研究。结果显示,8个群体总的单倍型多样性指数(Hd)为0.9508±0.0083,核苷酸多样性指数(π)为0.00670±0.00027,总体呈现较高的单倍型多样性水平和较低的核苷酸多样性水平。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果表明,99.26%的遗传变异发生在群体内部;群体间的遗传分化指数(F_(st))均小于0.05,表明群体间不存在显著的遗传分化。基因流N_(m)数值较大(10.19910~无穷大),表明群体间基因交流频繁。核酸错配分布图呈现明显单峰,推测西北太平洋日本鳀在历史上可能经历过快速的群体扩张事件,群体扩张时间大约发生在0.260 Ma前。西北太平洋海域的洋流活动可能是导致日本鳀群体间遗传分化小的重要因素。因此,建议在日本鳀渔业资源管理上,可将西北太平洋地区的日本鳀群体作为一个管理单元。Engraulis japonicus is an important commercially fished species in China,Korea,and Japan.The main distribution area of E.japonicus is the Northwest Pacific Ocean.Currently,there is no research on the genetic structure of E.japonicus populations in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.To investigate the population genetic structure of E.japonicus in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and to better develop and utilize E.japonicus resources,mitochondrial CO I genes were used to analyze the population genetic structure and variation of 203 samples from 8 sampling locations in this region.After DNA extraction,PCR amplification and sequencing,relevant analysis softwares were used to analyze the sequence data.The results showed that the total haplotype diversity(H_(d))and nucleotide diversity(π)of the 8 groups of E.japonicus were 0.9508±0.0083 and 0.00670±0.00027,respectively,indicating high haplotype diversity and relatively low nucleotide diversity.The results of molecular variance analysis suggested that 99.26%of the genetic variation occurred within population,while Fst values among the populations were less than 0.05,showing that no significant genetic differentiation existed among the 8 groups.The gene flow(N_(m))values were large(10.19910-inf),suggesting that the gene exchanges among populations were frequent.There was a distinct single peak in the curve of nucleotide mismatch distribution,indicating that E.japonicus in the Northwest Pacific might have experienced a population expansion,around 0.260 Ma ago.The ocean currents in the Northwest Pacific Ocean might be an important factor leading to low genetic differentiation among E.japonicus populations.Therefore,it is suggested that in the management of fishery resources,E.japonicus in the Northwest Pacific should be regarded as a management unit.

关 键 词：日本鳀 CO I基因 遗传结构 遗传多样性 西北太平洋 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]