我国4个不同河口刀鲚群体形态的比较研究  

Comparative study of four different estuarine Coilia nasus populations in China

作　　者：艾龙威 俞正森 郑春芳 秦松 范青松 叶深[2,3] 冯广朋 孙述好[5] 邱文致 刘伟成 AI Longwei;YU Zhengsen;ZHENG Chunfang;QIN Song;FAN Qingsong;YE Shen;FENG Guangpeng;SUN Shuhao;QIU Wenzhi;LIU Weicheng(College of Life and Environmental Science,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035,China;Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325005,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bioresource,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325005,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Fisheries Resources Enhancement and Ecological Restoration of the Yangtze Estuary,Shanghai 200090,China;Dandong City Fishery Development Service Center,Dandong Liaoning 118000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江温州325035 [2]浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江温州325005 [3]浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室,浙江温州325005 [4]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海长江口渔业资源增殖和生态修复工程技术研究中心,上海200090 [5]丹东市渔业发展服务中心,辽宁丹东118000

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2025年第1期64-73,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD0900805);温州河口渔业资源养护试点专项调查研究(JS2022071)。

摘　　要：为摸清不同河口刀鲚(Coilia nasus)的形态差异,采集瓯江口、长江口、黄河口、鸭绿江口4个刀鲚群体共115个个体进行形态学比较研究。运用单因素方差分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和判别分析等多元统计分析方法对10项可量性状以及14项框架参数进行形态差异分析。单因素方差分析显示:仅胸鳍起点至腹鳍起点/体长(C6/SL)、背鳍起点至臀鳍起点/体长(C9/SL)和腹鳍起点至臀鳍起点/体长(C10/SL)指标在各群体间无显著性差异(P>0.05),其余指标在各群体间均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。聚类分析显示:瓯江口与长江口刀鲚群体的形态最为接近,与黄河口、鸭绿江口刀鲚群体差异较大。主成分分析显示:前7个主成分对总变异方差的贡献率分别为20.95%、16.24%、11.00%、7.49%、5.64%、4.67%、4.63%,累计贡献率为70.62%。判别分析显示:群体内综合判别率为97.4%。研究表明,4个刀鲚群体间存在显著的形态差异,主要表现在躯干部和头部性状上,差异形成可能与摄食习性和栖息地环境差异有关。研究结果可以为刀鲚的种群鉴别、资源保护和利用提供科学依据。In order to find out the morphological differences of Coilia nasus in different estuaries,a total of 115 individuals from four populations of C.nasus(Oujiang Estuary,Yangtze Estuary,Yellow River Estuary,Yalu River Estuary)were collected for morphological comparison.Multivariate statistical analysis methods such as one-way analysis of variance,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and discriminant analysis were used to analyze the morphological differences of 10 measurable traits and 14 framework parameters.The results showed that there was no significant difference among populations in terms of pectoral fin starting point to pelvic fin starting point/body length(C6/SL),dorsal fin starting point to anal fin starting point(C9/SL),and pelvic fin starting point to anal fin starting point(C10/SL)(P>0.05).Cluster analysis showed that the morphology of the Oujiang Estuary and the Yangtze River Estuary was the most similar,and the divergence was greater than that of the Yellow River Estuary and Yalu River Estuary.Principal component analysis showed that the contribution rates of the first seven principal components to the variance of total variation were 20.95%,16.24%,11.00%,7.49%,5.64%,4.67%and 4.63%,respectively,and the cumulative contribution rate was 70.62%,which explained most of the variation and indicated that the results of principal component analysis could be used to describe the morphological differences of different geographical populations.The first principal component mainly reflected the differences in trunk association characteristics.The second principal component mainly reflected the difference in the head-to-trunk association characteristics.The discriminant analysis showed that the discriminant rates of Oujiang Estuary,Yangtze River Estuary,Yellow River Estuary and Yalu River Estuary were 96.7%,96.8%,100.0%and 96.7%,respectively,and the comprehensive discrimination rate was 97.4%.And the results of interactivity discrimination were basically consistent with those of intra-group discrimination.

关 键 词：刀鲚 河口 框架结构 形态差异 多元统计分析 

分 类 号：Q347[生物学—遗传学]