多毛羽纱线的高品质再造成纱技术及应用  

High-quality reconstruction technology and its application for hairy spun yarns

作　　者：夏治刚[1] XIA Zhigang(National Key Laboratory of Textile New Materials and Advanced Processing/School of Textile Science and Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织新材料与先进加工全国重点实验室&纺织科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2025年第1期22-24,共3页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

摘　　要：短纤纱成形的本质是将散纤维加工成按纵向有序排列的线性集合体。短纤纱成形方法主要有开放端和握持端纺纱^([1])。开放端纺纱以转杯纺、涡流纺为代表,共同点在于:纤维须条在非握持状态下加捻成纱,加捻、卷绕位置分开,实现高速成纱;开放端纺纱以纤维缠绕结构为主,其中转杯纺以纤维搭接加捻缠绕方式成形,纱体呈内紧外松式层状包缠结构^([2]);涡流纺以前纤维尾端连续包缠后纤维头端的方式包缠成纱,纱体纤维呈螺旋直径递增的单螺旋包缠结构^([3]),纱表面光洁度、紧密度高,对应织物抗起球等级高。但包缠成纱结构决定了纱体纤维内外转移不足、抱合力差^([4]),纱强低、纱表摩擦易解缠,严重制约纱线高强稳固的高品质成形。The essence of short fiber yarn formation is to process scattered staple fibers into linear aggregates arranged in a longitudinally ordered manner^([1]).The main methods for creating staple spun yarns are openend and nip-end spinnings.Open end spinning,represented by rotor spinning and vortex spinning,has the common feature that the fiber strands are twisted into yarn in a non-nipping state,and the twisting and winding positions are separated to achieve high-speed yarn formation.It is mainly based on fiber wrapping structure,among which rotor spun yarn is formed by twisting the overlapped staple fibers to get a hierarchical wrapping structure with inner tightness and outer looseness^([2]).Vortex spun yarn is formed by the forehead fiber tail wrapping the rear fiber head to get a single spiral wrapping structure with increasing spiral diameter^([3]).The vortex spun yarn surface has high smoothness and tightness,corresponding to a high anti-pilling grade of the fabric.However,the wrapped structured yarn determines insufficient fiber migration within yarn body,poor coherence force^([4]).

关 键 词：多毛羽纱线 短纤纱 高品质成纱技术 转杯纺 涡流纺 环锭纺 

分 类 号：TS104.7[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]