结晶行为调控电纺纳米纤维物理性能研究进展  

Review of crystallization behavior mechanism and its effects on physical properties of electrospun nanofibers

作　　者：罗天 洪楚玲 申佳帆 赵树强 丛洪莲 贺海军 LUO Tian;HONG Chuling;SHEN Jiafan;ZHAO Shuqiang;CONG Honglian;HE Haijun(College of Textile Science and Engineering/Engineering Research Center of Knitting Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China;Jiangsu SAFETY Group Co.Ltd.,Wuxi 214101,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院/针织技术教育部工程研究中心,江苏无锡214122 [2]江苏赛福天集团股份有限公司,江苏无锡214101

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2025年第1期39-52,共14页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52303054);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20231056)。

摘　　要：纳米纤维因其比表面积大、孔隙率高等独特性质,在环境污染治理、生物医药以及能源利用等领域受到了广泛关注。利用静电纺丝技术制备纳米纤维,其优势在于原理简单、工艺灵活、原料适用性广泛。然而,在纤维成型过程中,由于结晶不完全,其光、电、热、力等宏观性能可能会受到限制。从溶液参数、静电纺丝装置、静电纺丝参数以及后处理工艺4个方面,详细阐述了电纺纳米纤维结晶行为的调控策略,分析了电纺纳米纤维的结晶行为与其光学、电学、热学及力学性能之间的构效关系,并展望了未来研究重点,以期为相关领域的研究提供参考。Nanofibers have garnered significant research attention in the fields of environmental pollution control,biomedicine,and energy utilization,owing to their unique properties,such as a large specific surface area and high porosity.The preparation of nanofibers via electrospinning technology offers advantages,including a straightforward principle,flexible process,and wide applicability of raw materials.However,incomplete crystallization during the fiber formation process poses limitations on the optical,electrical,thermal,and mechanical properties of the fabricated fibers.This article delves into the regulation strategies for controlling the crystallization behavior of electrospun nanofibers from four perspectives,such as solution parameters,electrospinning equipment,electrospinning parameters,and post-processing techniques.Furthermore,it demonstrates the influence of crystallization behavior on the optical,electrical,thermal,and mechanical properties of the nanofibers,as well as the structure-properties relationships.The article also discusses prospects for future research in this area,aiming to provide a reference for studies in related fields.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 纳米纤维 结晶 调控策略 物理性能 

分 类 号：TS101.9[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程] TP242.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]