中世纪英格兰司法决斗考辩  

A Study on Judicial Duels in Medieval England

作　　者：戴瑶玲 DAI Yaoling(Institute of European Civilization,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Humanities,Ludong University,Yantai Shandong 264025,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学欧洲文明研究院,天津300387 [2]鲁东大学人文学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《杭州电子科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期59-67,共9页Journal of Hangzhou Dianzi University:Social Sciences

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划项目(23DLSJ08)。

摘　　要：在1066年诺曼征服后,为稳固新生统治的需要,威廉一世将法国的司法决斗引入到英格兰,用来解决地方社会中的暴力冲突和土地纠纷。此后,英格兰诸王对其不断进行本土化的改造,使其有效地适应了封建土地保有制,以满足地方社会对公平正义的需求。随着13世纪英格兰社会状况的变化,司法决斗逐渐受到新兴陪审团的挑战。最终,它于14世纪走向衰落。不过,它顽强地存续到近代英格兰社会。通过考察中世纪英格兰司法决斗独特的演变历程和运作机制,可以发现其能一直存活于中世纪英格兰是多种社会因素共同作用的结果,并为陪审团的兴起提供了独特的历史见解。After the Norman Conquest of 1066,William I introduced the French judicial duel to England in order to consolidate the newly established rule and resolve violent conflicts and land disputes within local societies.Subsequently,English kings continuously localized the practice,adapting it effectively to the feudal landholding system to meet local demands for fairness and justice.As English society evolved in the 13th century,judicial duels were increasingly challenged by the emerging jury system.Eventually,judicial duels declined in the 14th century,though they persisted in some form into modern English society.By examining the unique evolutionary process and operational mechanisms of judicial duels in medieval England,it becomes clear that their survival was the result of multiple social factors interacting.This also provides unique historical insights into the rise of the jury system.

关 键 词：中世纪 英格兰 司法决斗 陪审团 

分 类 号：K132[历史地理—历史学]