淮河流域乡土建筑营造技艺研究——以禹王宫为例  

Research on the Building Craft of Local Architecture in Huaihe River Basin——Taking Yuwang Palace as an Example

作　　者：彭小洪 蔡新豪 吴伟东 PENG Xiaohong;CAI Xinhao;WU Weidong(School of architecture,Anhui Science and Technology University,Bengbu Anhui,233100,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院建筑学院,安徽蚌埠233100

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2025年第4期58-62,共5页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

基　　金：安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题“基于地域文化景观的皖北地区乡土建筑及其营造体系研究”(项目编号:2023CX531);明文化研究项目“基于明文化重塑的凤阳美丽乡村生态建设规划策略研究”(项目编号:2023RW03);安徽省住房城乡建设科学技术计划项目“传承地域文化特色的皖北地区宜居宜业和美乡村建设路径研究”(项目编号:2023-RK036);安徽科技学院项目技术(咨询)服务合同(横向)“传承地域文化特色的皖北地区宜居宜业和美丽乡村建设路径研究”(项目编号:881635)。

摘　　要：乡土建筑是中华优秀传统农耕文化的载体,凝结着历史的记忆,反映着人、自然和村落三者之间和谐共生的关系。该文以蚌埠市禹王宫为研究对象,基于实地调研和访谈,对禹王宫的基本信息和历史沿革进行归纳和总结,并从禹王宫选址、平面布局及立面空间等方面对禹王宫空间形态进行详细分析,最后主要针对禹王宫中轴线上的建筑从地坪、墙体、门窗、构架、屋面等方面进行营造技艺的分析,包括山门、拜厅、禹王殿、真武殿等。蚌埠市禹王宫保留着良好的历史建筑格局和清代建筑形制特征,其前大禹殿后启母殿的空间规则、“三朝五门”样的格局,中院“左寮右序”的规制反映涂山禹王祭祀中的制度文化,将其营造技艺归纳和提炼,以期为皖北地区乡土建筑营造技艺保护和传承提供参考。Rural architecture is the carrier of China's excellent traditional agricultural culture,condensing historical memories and reflecting the harmonious coexistence between humans,nature,and villages.This article takes the Yuwang Palace in Bengbu as the research object,based on field research and interviews,summarizes the basic information and historical evolution of the Yuwang Palace,and conducts a detailed analysis of the spatial form of the Yuwang Palace from the aspects of site selection,floor layout,and facade space.Finally,the main focus is on the analysis of the construction techniques of the buildings on the central axis of the Yuwang Palace,including the mountain gate,worship hall,Yuwang Hall,Zhenwu Hall,etc.The Yuwang Palace in Bengbu City retains a good historical architectural pattern and the architectural features of the Qing Dynasty.The spatial rules of the former Dayu Hall and the later Qimu Hall,as well as the"three dynasties and five gates"pattern,and the regulation of the"left Liao and right Xu"in the middle courtyard reflect the institutional culture in the worship of King Yu of Tushan.The construction techniques are summarized and refined in order to provide reference for the protection and inheritance of local architectural construction techniques in northern Anhui.

关 键 词：淮河流域 乡土建筑 寺庙建筑 营造技艺 文化特征 禹王宫 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]