乙烯利和脱落酸对“千层花”和“豫大籽”石榴萌蘖的影响  

Effects of Ethephon and Abscisic Acid on Sprouting of‘Qiancenghua’and‘Yudazi’Pomegranates

作　　者：张文 宋金辉 冯志良 陈延惠[2] 史江莉[2] 简在海[2] 万然 胡青霞[2] ZHANG Wen;SONG Jin-hui;FENG Zhi-liang(Forestry Protection and Development Service Center of Zoucheng,Zoucheng,Shandong 273500;College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002)

机构地区：[1]邹城市林业保护和发展服务中心,山东邹城273500 [2]河南农业大学园艺学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第5期36-42,48,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(20B210011);兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2021AB015)。

摘　　要：为了提高石榴除萌效率,促进石榴省力化栽培,采用不同浓度乙烯利和脱落酸处理抗寒砧木“千层花”和“豫大籽”石榴主干基部(以清水处理为对照),通过调查萌蘖数量及其生长情况,比较不同处理对石榴萌蘖的抑制效果。结果表明,800 mg/L乙烯利处理“千层花”石榴主干基部对萌蘖抑制效果最好,不仅有效推迟了其萌蘖芽发生时间,处理后27 d时,平均萌蘖芽数量和萌蘖芽长度分别显著低于对照100%和100%,且萌蘖新梢叶片数量、长度和宽度均显著较低;1200 mg/L乙烯利处理“豫大籽”石榴主干基部对萌蘖抑制效果最好,至处理后27 d时,其平均萌蘖芽数量和萌蘖芽长度分别显著低于对照95.7%和94.5%,但对萌蘖新梢叶片数量、长度和宽度只在处理后前21 d有抑制效果。因此,推荐使用800 mg/L乙烯利处理“千层花”石榴,使用1200 mg/L乙烯利处理“豫大籽”石榴,以减少除萌工作量。The study aims to improve the efficiency of clearing pomegranate sprouting for helping labor-saving cultivation of pomegranate.The ethephon and abscisic acid of different concentrations were applied to trunk bases of‘Qiancenghua’and‘Yudazi’pomegranate,which are al-ways used as cold-tolerance stocks.Then,sprouting numbers and growth was investigated to evaluate the effects of different treatments on in-hibiting pomegranate sprouting.The results indicated that the treatment of 800 mg/L ethephon had the best effects on inhibiting‘Qianceng-hua’pomegranate sprouting,which put off sprouting occurring time.The average numbers and lengths of sprouting buds on trunk bases of‘Qiancenghua’pomegranate were 100%and 100%significantly lower than the control at 27 days after the treatments,respectively.Mean-while,the average leaf numbers,lengths and widths of sprouting shoots were also significantly lower.The ethephon treatment of 1200 mg/L had the best effects on inhibiting‘Yudazi’pomegranate sprouting.The average numbers and lengths of sprouting buds on trunk bases of‘Yudazi’pomegranate were 95.7%and 94.5%significantly lower than the control at 27 days after the treatment,and leaf average numbers,lengths and widths of their sprouting shoots were not effectively inhibited from 21 d after the treatment.Thus,800 mg/L ethephon was sugges-ted applying on‘Qiancenghua’pomegranate and 1200 mg/L ethephon was suggested applying on‘Yudazi’pomegranate to decrease workloads of clearing sprouting.

关 键 词：石榴 萌蘖 乙烯利 脱落酸 

分 类 号：S665.4[农业科学—果树学]