满洲里市草原植物病害调查及主要病害风险分析  

Grassland Plant Disease Survey and Risk Analysis of Major Diseases in Manzhouli City

作　　者：蒋萌萌 姜海燕[1] 房钰欣 兰佳贺 吴云菊 党海龙 JIANG Meng-meng;JIANG Hai-yan;FANG Yu-xin(College of Forestry,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,Inner Mongolia 010018)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学林学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]呼和浩特市林业和草原局玉泉分局,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]呼和浩特市林业和草原局赛罕分局,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第5期124-127,164,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：满洲里市林业和草原事业发展中心项目(MZL-QY-22015);呼和浩特市林业和草原保护中心项目(FHYXFW2023-03001);内蒙古大学生创新创业项目(202210129029);内蒙古自治区2022年科学技术协会科普作品资助项目。

摘　　要：为更好地掌握满洲里市草原植物病害的发生特征及危害程度,对满洲里市草原植物病害进行了系统的调查。采用踏查法、样地调查法对满洲里市草原植物病害种类及分布情况进行了调查。结果表明,草原病害共发现23种,为锈病6种、白粉病12种、叶斑病4种、煤污病1种;草原病害病情指数较高的有田旋花白粉病(13.20)、蒲公英叶斑病(12.50)、少花米口袋白粉病(12.50)和菊叶委陵菜锈病(12.00),平均发病率分别为22%、25%、25%、30%;对主要病害菊叶委陵菜锈病和田旋花白粉病的潜在危险性进行了评估,其中菊叶委陵菜锈病的风险分析R为1.705,田旋花白粉病的风险分析R为1.538,均为中度风险有害生物,并提出相应的防控建议。In order to better grasp the occurrence characteristics and degree of damage of grassland plant diseases in Manzhouli City,a sys-tematic survey on grassland plant diseases in Manzhouli City was conducted.In this study,the species and distribution of plant diseases in the steppe in Manzhouli City were investigated by the method of field survey and sample site survey.It was concluded that a total of 23 diseases were found in grassland,including 6 rust diseases,12 powdery mildew diseases,4 leaf spot diseases and 1 coal stain disease;the high disease index of grassland were powdery mildew of petunias(13.20),dandelion leaf spot(12.50),rice pocket powdery mildew(12.50)and chrys-anthemum leaf rust(12.00),with an average incidence of 22%,25%,25%and 30%,respectively;the potential risks of the main diseases,chrysanthemum leaf commiphora rust and field spinach powdery mildew were evaluated,with the risk analysis R of chrysanthemum leaf commi-phora rust being 1.705 and that of field spinach powdery mildew being 1.538,which are both medium-risk pests,and corresponding preven-tion and control suggestions were made.

关 键 词：植物病害 风险分析 发生特征 病害调查 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]