不同土壤调理剂对连作土壤的改良效果及对玉米产量形成的影响  

Effects of Different Soil Conditioners on Continuous Cropping Soil Improvement and Maize Yield Formation

作　　者：曾征 ZENG Zheng(Fuquan City Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Fuquan,Guizhou 550500)

机构地区：[1]福泉市农业农村局,贵州福泉550500

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第5期133-135,168,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]明确不同土壤调理剂对连作土壤的改良效果和玉米产量的影响。[方法]以“盛农3号”玉米为试验材料,设置CK(不施土壤调理剂)、T1(硅钙钾镁沸石型土壤调理剂1500 kg/hm^(2))、T2(牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂1200 kg/hm^(2))、T3(油茶籽粉土壤调理剂900 kg/hm^(2))共4个处理,研究不同土壤调理剂对土壤容重、孔隙度、田间持水量、pH、电导率、养分含量及玉米产量构成因素的影响。[结果]与CK相比,3种土壤调理剂可以显著降低土壤容重3.27%~11.76%,增加土壤孔隙度3.96%~14.27%,显著增加田间持水量9.87%~11.74%,且T2、T3的改良效果较T1更为显著;3种土壤调理剂均可以不同程度降低土壤pH和电导率,且T2效果更加显著;3种土壤调理剂均可以不同程度提高土壤养分含量,T2、T3的有机质、有机碳、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量均显著高于CK,T1的有机质、有机碳含量与CK无显著差异,其他养分含量显著高于CK;3种土壤调理剂均可以提高玉米的穗粒数、千粒重以及产量,其中,T2的产量显著高于其他处理,为9118.24 kg/hm^(2)。[结论]试验条件下T2对连作田土壤的改良效果和玉米增产效果最佳。[Objective]To clarify the improvement effect of different soil conditioners on continuous cropping soil and the influence on maize yield formation.[Method]Taking“Shengnong No.3”as the experimental corn variety,a total of 4 treatments were set up:CK(no soil con-ditioner),T1(silica-calcium-potassium-magnesium zeolite soil conditioner 1500 kg/hm^(2)),T2(oyster shell powder soil conditioner 1200 kg/hm^(2))and T3(oiltea seed powder soil conditioner 900 kg/hm^(2)),the effects of different soil conditioners on soil bulk density,poros-ity,field water capacity,pH,electrical conductivity,nutrient content and maize yield were studied.[Result]Three soil conditioners signifi-cantly reduced soil bulk density by 3.27%-11.76%,increased soil porosity 3.96%-14.27%,increased the field water capacity by 9.87%-11.74%,and the effect of T2 and T3 were more obvious than that of T1.All the three soil conditioners could reduce soil pH and conductivity to different degrees,and the effect of T2 was more significant,the contents of organic matter,organic carbon,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those in CK,the contents of organic matter and or-ganic carbon were not significantly different between T1 and CK,while the contents of other nutrients were significantly higher than CK.All the three soil conditioners could increase the number of grains per ear,1000-grain weight of corn,and increase the yield of corn.Among them,the yield of T2 was significantly higher than that of other treatments(9118.24 kg/hm^(2)).[Conclusion]T2 has the best effect on soil improvement and corn yield increase in continuous cropping field under experimental conditions.

关 键 词：土壤调理剂 连作 改良 玉米 产量 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]