“二维声子-三维电荷”热电传输特性研究进展  

Recent progress in“2D phonon-3D charge”thermoelectric transport

作　　者：高天 宿力中 赵立东[1] Tian Gao;Lizhong Su;Li-Dong Zhao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]太原科技大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《科学通报》2025年第6期636-644,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(51925101);太原科技大学引进人才科研启动基金(20232094);山西省优秀来晋博士科研资助项目(20242010)资助。

摘　　要：高性能热电材料追求实现“声子玻璃-电子晶体”的传输特性,即同时拥有低的热输运特性和高的电输运特性.然而,材料声子与电子之间的强耦合关系为实现这一目标带来极大挑战.近年来,在n型各向异性层状硒化锡晶体中发现的“二维声子-三维电荷”热电传输特性在解耦“声-电”矛盾上表现出了十分优异的潜力,引起了热电领域的广泛关注.本文主要介绍了“二维声子-三维电荷”热电传输特性的机理,围绕晶格热导率、载流子迁移率及塞贝克系数分析了“二维声子-三维电荷”热电传输特性的优势,总结了具有“二维声子-三维电荷”热电传输特性材料的研究进展,并对如何利用与增强“二维声子-三维电荷”热电传输特性实现优异热电性能进行了展望.Thermoelectric materials can directly convert thermal and electrical energy to each other and have a huge potential in power generation and precise temperature control.High-performance thermoelectric materials pursue to achieve“phonon glass-electron crystal”transport,which requires both low thermal and high electrical transport properties.However,the strong coupling between the phonon and the electron in materials poses a significant challenge in realizing the“phonon glass-electron crystal”transport.Developing the thermoelectric performance of intrinsically low thermal conductivity materials,such as layered structure materials,is an effective strategy to promote the“phonon-electron”decoupling.Tin selenide(SnSe)is an intrinsically low thermal conductivity layered material.The low lattice thermal conductivity along the in-plane direction endows the basis of the excellent thermoelectric performance for p-type SnSe crystals.Layered structure materials possess much lower lattice thermal conductivity along the out-of-plane direction than in-plane generally.If the carrier mobility of SnSe and other intrinsically low thermal conductivity layered structure materials along the out-of-plane direction can be increased,the ultra-low thermal conductivity of layered structural materials along this direction can be utilized to form“two-dimensional(2D)phonon and three-dimensional(3D)charge”thermoelectric transport,which can be further realized“phonon glass-electron crystal”transport.Anion-doped n-type SnSe crystals possess overlapping interlayer charge density resulting in a large enhancement of carrier mobility along the out-of-plane direction,and thus show“2D phonon-3D charge”thermoelectric transport and have attracted huge attention in the thermoelectric field due to their excellent performance.Therefore,more materials with“2D phonon-3D charge”thermoelectric transport are being discovered and show exciting potential for thermoelectric performance.Seeking materials with“2D phonon-3D charge”thermo

关 键 词：热电材料 “声-电”解耦 各向异性 层状结构 电荷密度 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]