低成本高性能PbS基热电材料研究进展  

Progress in PbS-based thermoelectric materials with low cost and high performance

作　　者：王磊 常诚 赵立东 Lei Wang;Cheng Chang;Li-Dong Zhao(Tianmushan Laboratory,Hangzhou 311115,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]天目山实验室,杭州311115 [2]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《科学通报》2025年第6期665-673,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(51925101);国家自然科学基金(52002042,52250090,51571007,51772012,12374023);北京市杰出青年科学基金(JQ18004);高等学校学科创新引智计划(B17002);科学探索奖资助。

摘　　要：热电材料由于其高可靠性、长寿命等特点,在废热回收及半导体制冷等领域有着广泛应用.其中,硫化铅(PbS)基热电材料因为原料储量丰富、价格低廉,被研究人员所关注,近些年逐渐成为研究热点.受限于本身的低载流子浓度及高晶格热导率,PbS热电性能的提升较为困难.本文从载流子浓度、迁移率、有效质量、晶格热导率等热电参数优化的角度介绍了具有代表性的PbS基热电材料研究工作.具体而言,能带结构调控以及生长晶体等方式对于电传输性能有很好的优化作用,多尺度缺陷的引入则有助于晶格热导率的优化.最后,对PbS基热电材料未来可能的发展方向进行了展望.Thermoelectric materials are widely used in the fields of waste heat harvest and electrified refrigeration because of their high reliability and long life.Among them,PbS-based thermoelectric materials have attracted much attention because of the earth abundance and low price of raw materials,and have been a research hotspot in recent years.Due to its low carrier concentration and high lattice thermal conductivity,it is difficult to improve the thermoelectric performance of PbS.In this paper,the representative research work of PbS-based thermoelectric materials is introduced from the perspective of the optimization of thermoelectric parameters including carrier concentration,carrier mobility,effective mass and lattice thermal conductivity.The energy band structure engineering such as band sharpening and band alignment maintains high carrier mobility while reducing lattice thermal conductivity.High quality crystal growth has a crucial effect on the optimization of thermoelectric performance in near room temperature,and high carrier mobility enables PbS-based materials to realize thermoelectric cooling.Recently,an approach to optimize the effective mass through band convergence has also been achieved both in n-and p-type PbS successfully.Appropriate doping(GaSb in n-type and Ag in p-type PbS)minimizes the energy difference between L band andΣband to optimize the effective mass.The introduction of multi-scale defects optimizes the lattice thermal conductivity,because the combination of different kinds of phonon scattering mechanism could hinder the transport of phonon with a wide range of frequence.We also emphasize that the influence on other parameters should also be taken into account when optimizing individual thermoelectric physical parameters.For example,although increasing carrier concentration could improve the electrical conductivity,the electronic thermal conductivity will also be greatly increased,and the Seebeck coefficient and carrier mobility will also decrease,so it needs to be controlled within the a

关 键 词：热电材料 PBS 载流子迁移率 有效质量 晶格热导率 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]