Developments and prospects of carbon anode materials in potassium-ion batteries  

钾离子电池碳负极材料的研究进展与展望

作　　者：Zhaomeng Liu Zhiqing Gong Kunyang He Peng Qiu Xuan-Chen Wang Lu-Kang Zhao Qin-Fen Gu Xuan-Wen Gao Wen-Bin Luo 刘朝孟;龚致青;何坤阳;邱鹏;王轩臣;赵鲁康;顾勤奋;高宣雯;骆文彬

机构地区：[1]Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines Metallurgy,School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China [2]Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education),Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China [3]Australian Synchrotron(ANSTO),Clayton,Victoria 3168,Australia

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2025年第3期709-723,共15页中国科学(材料科学)(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52204308 and 52272194);the LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC2007155);the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2023-MSBA-101).

摘　　要：Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)have garnered significant interest due to their abundant resources,wide distribution and low price,emerging as an ideal alternative to lithium-ion batteries for energy storage systems.As one of the key components,anode materials act as a crucial role in the specific capacity,energy density,power density and service life of PIBs,so it is highly significant to conduct a comprehensive investigation on them.Carbon materials are widely employed as the anode for PIBs because of their advantages of environmental friendliness,abundant raw materials and diverse structures.According to the structural differences,carbon materials are mainly distinguished as crystalline carbon represented by graphite and graphene,and soft carbon and hard carbon existing in amorphous state.Different types of carbon materials have special ion storage mechanisms,storage capacity and cycling stability.Herein,it is meaningful to summarize and discuss the characteristics and research progress in carbon anode materials for PIBs in recent years.Firstly,according to the development status and application prospect of graphite,graphene,soft carbon,and hard carbon,we deeply generalize the electrochemical performance and potassium storage mechanism.Then we dig out the key problems faced by different carbon materials and arrange various modification design and solving strategies of novel carbon anodes.Finally,we expound the importance of carbon anode materials as the anode and PIBs,explore the application potential of current and emerging carbon anode materials,and put forward some suggestions and prospects for the future development of carbon materials.钾离子电池由于其丰富的资源、广泛的分布和低廉的价格而引起了人们的极大兴趣,并成为储能系统中锂离子电池的理想替代品.负极材料作为钾离子电池的关键部件之一,对其比容量、能量密度、功率密度和使用寿命等起着至关重要的作用,因此对负极材料进行全面的研究十分必要.碳材料以其环保、原料丰富、结构多样等优点被广泛应用于钾离子电池负极.根据结构差异,碳材料主要分为以石墨和石墨烯为代表的结晶碳和以无定形存在的软碳和硬碳.不同类型的碳材料具有特殊的离子储存机制、储存容量和循环稳定性.因此,总结和讨论近年来用于钾离子电池负极的碳材料的特征和研究进展具有重要意义.本文首先根据石墨、石墨烯、软碳和硬碳的发展现状和应用前景,深入概括了其电化学性能和储钾机理.然后挖掘出不同碳材料面临的关键问题,整理出新型碳阳极的各种改性设计和解决策略.最后,本文阐述了碳材料作为钾离子电池负极的重要性,探讨了当前和新兴碳阳极材料的应用潜力,并对碳材料的未来发展提出了一些建议和展望.

关 键 词：potassium ion batteries ANODE soft carbon graphene hard carbon GRAPHITE 

分 类 号：TM9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]