Reductive coupling mechanism in layered oxide cathodes for lithium-/sodium-ion batteries  

锂/钠离子电池层状氧化物正极材料的还原耦合机制

作　　者：Yao Wang Yongchang Liu 王瑶;刘永畅

机构地区：[1]Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering,State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2025年第3期775-779,共5页中国科学(材料科学)(英文版)

基　　金：financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075016 and 52372171);National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals,Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB(FRF-IDRY-GD23-002);State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials(2022Z-17);“Xiaomi Young Scholar”Funding Project;111 Project(B170003).

摘　　要：With the ever-increasing consumption of traditional fossil fuels,the development of sustainable and renewable energy sources is urgently demanded.The substantial integration of intermittent renewable energy calls for highly efficient energy storage systems[1,2].Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are currently dominating the market of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles because of their high energy density,outstanding cycling stability,and small self-discharge[3,4].层状过渡金属氧化物比容量较高、成分可设计性强、合成简便,是锂、钠离子电池正极材料的理想选择之一.利用阴离子氧化还原反应在高电压区间提供额外容量,能够打破基于传统过渡金属阳离子电荷补偿贡献能量的限制,实现能量密度的突破.然而,阴离子反应通常面临不可逆晶格氧损失以及缓慢的反应动力学等问题,导致电池容量与电压衰减.近年来,研究者在锂、钠离子电池层状氧化物正极材料中发现了一种反常的还原耦合机制,即充电至高电压时,部分电子会从氧离子转移到过渡金属离子,形成金属离子与氧离子的强共价键.本文系统地介绍了还原耦合机制的内在原理及其对提升阴离子反应可逆性和动力学的影响机理,并对还原耦合机制的现存问题和未来发展方向进行了深入剖析.

关 键 词：LITHIUM COUPLING CYCLING 

分 类 号：TM9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]