列宁对沙文主义的批判与新时代爱国主义价值重塑  

Lenin's Critique of Chauvinism and the Reconfiguration of Patriotism Values in the New Era

作　　者：胡芳 王婧涵 Hu Fang;Wang Jinghan

机构地区：[1]四川大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《世界社会主义研究》2025年第1期43-52,M0004,共11页World Socialism Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“坚持党的文化领导权研究”(24&WZD08)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：列宁在分析帝国主义意识形态问题的过程中,揭示了沙文主义的本质并针对沙文主义者的两种极端“爱国”现象展开批判,即第二国际中出现的社会沙文主义,以及俄国国内存在的大俄罗斯沙文主义。列宁的爱国主义思想贯穿其指导的无产阶级革命和社会主义建设的始终,在揭露各种沙文主义的虚伪“爱国”假象的同时,丰富了马克思主义爱国主义的科学内涵,并强调了无产阶级爱国主义与国际主义原则的统一。在新的历史境遇下,面对多元文化冲击,一些妖魔化爱国主义的论调层出不穷。对此,我们应从列宁对沙文主义的批判中汲取经验,警惕资本主义的虚假“爱国主义”,秉持人类命运共同体理念下的爱国主义,坚持社会主义意识形态引领下的爱国主义。In his analysis of the ideology of imperialism, Lenin revealed the essence of chauvinism and offered a critique of two extreme forms of “patriotism” exhibited by chauvinists: social chauvinism, which emerged within the Second International,and great Russian chauvinism present in domestic Russian contexts. Lenin's thoughts on patriotism are interwoven throughout his guidance of the proletarian revolution and the construction of socialism. While exposing the hypocritical“patriotic” facade of various forms of chauvinism, he enriched the scientific content of Marxist patriotism and emphasized the unity of proletarian patriotism and the principles of internationalism. In the new historical context with the challenge of multiculturalism, we are encountering a plethora of narratives that demonize patriotism. In response, we should draw lessons from Lenin's critique of chauvinism, remain vigilant against the false “patriotism” of capitalism, uphold a patriotism rooted in the concept of building a community with a shared future for humanity, and adhere to the patriotism guided by socialist ideology.

关 键 词：列宁 沙文主义 爱国主义 国际主义 帝国主义 

分 类 号：A82[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] D751.2[政治法律—政治学] D033.3[政治法律—中外政治制度]