俄罗斯左翼学者的当代资本主义批判  

Critique of Contemporary Capitalism by Russian Leftist Scholars

作　　者：陈爱茹[1] Chen Airu

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院

出　　处：《世界社会主义研究》2025年第1期62-71,M0005,共11页World Socialism Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“21世纪视域中的当代资本主义新变化和帝国主义本质新表现研究”(23&ZD326)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：俄罗斯左翼学者立足于人类文明、民族国家、个体三个维度批判当代资本主义、思考21世纪社会主义选择。他们认为,在人类文明层面,当代资本主义令人类文明濒临灭绝;在民族国家层面,当代资本主义遏制发展中国家的发展,意图将其固化为全球分工体系中的半外围(半边缘)-外围(边缘)国家;在个体层面,当代资本主义导致人的异化加深,只有消除个体异化,才能让个体得到解放。解决这些问题的根本途径就是用社会主义制度代替资本主义制度。梳理并分析俄罗斯左翼学者对当代资本主义的批判和对21世纪社会主义道路的思考,有助于深化对当代资本主义本质的认识,增强建设21世纪社会主义的理想和信念。Russian leftist scholars critique contemporary capitalism from three dimensions: human civilization, the nation-state and the individual. They do so while contemplating the choices for socialism in the 21st century. They argue that, at the level of human civilization, contemporary capitalism brings humanity to the brink of extinction;at the level of the nationstate, contemporary capitalism hinders the development of developing countries, aiming to entrench them as semi-peripheral and peripheral nations within the global division of labor;and at the individual level, contemporary capitalism deepens human alienation, asserting that only by achieving the de-alienation of individuals can true liberation occur. The fundamental solution to these issues, they propose, is to replace the capitalist system with a socialist system. Analyzing and understanding the critiques of contemporary capitalism by Russian leftist scholars and their reflections on the path of socialism in the 21st century can help deepen our understanding of the essence of contemporary capitalism and strengthen the ideal and belief necessary for building socialism in the 21st century.

关 键 词：资本主义批判 21世纪社会主义 俄罗斯 左翼学者 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]