肉苁蓉多糖通过改善肠道菌群稳态产生抗衰老作用的研究  

Study on Anti-Aging Effect of Cistanche deserticola Polysaccharide by Improving Homeostasis of Intestinal Flora

作　　者：张春生 李冰 王鲁豫 周志华 张婷 朱莉 梁彦 刘爽[4] 王鑫[5] 李刚 ZHANG Chunsheng;WANG luyu;LI Bing;ZHOU Zhihua;ZHANG Ting;ZHU Li;LIU Shuang;WANG Xin;LI Gang(School of Pharmacy,Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010100,China;National Medicine Innovation Center of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010100,China;Hohhot Third Hospital,Hohhot 010100,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010100,China;Baotou Medical College of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学药学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010100 [2]内蒙古医科大学民族医药创新中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010100 [3]呼和浩特市第三医院,内蒙古呼和浩特010100 [4]内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古呼和浩特010100 [5]内蒙古科技大学包头医学院,内蒙古包头014000

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2025年第3期92-95,I0020-I0024,共9页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82260777);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2023QN08014);内蒙古自治区蒙医药协同创新中心科学研究项目(MYYXTZD202102);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY22646);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学技术研究项目(NJZY22613)。

摘　　要：目的通过体内研究肉苁蓉多糖(Polysaccharides of Cistanche deserticola,CDPS)的抗衰老作用,探究产生这种抗衰老作用可能发生的机制。方法75只12月龄的昆明种(Kunming species,KM)小鼠按照完全随机的方法分为空白对照组(Wild Type group,WT)、肉苁蓉多糖低剂量组(CDPS.L)、肉苁蓉多糖中剂量组(CDPS.M)、肉苁蓉多糖高剂量组(CDPS.H),双歧杆菌四联活菌片组(Positive drug group,P),分别给予相应的药物或相同体积的蒸馏水灌胃直至小鼠出现明显死亡证候,其余未出现明显死亡证候的小鼠在给药后180 d统一取材。进行血清中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px),总超氧化物歧化酶(Total Superoxide Dismutase,T-SOD)和丙二醛(Malonaldehyde,MDA)的检测来观察肉苁蓉多糖的抗氧化作用;采用16S rRNA测序分析肠道菌群结构;通过小鼠海马和肠的病理切片HE染色观察对小鼠认知能力和对肠道功能的影响。结果与WT组小鼠相比,CDPS给药组小鼠的生存率均提高,且CDPS.M及CDPS.H组的效果优于P组,但是并不具有显著性;与WT组小鼠相比,CDPS给药组小鼠的GSH-Px活力、T-SOD活力均有明显提高,各给药组MDA水平较WT组小鼠明显下降,且CDPS.H组的GSH-PX活力较P组有明显改善;CDPS给药可以改善小鼠的肠道菌群稳态,使Akkermansia muciniphila、Alloprevotella和Prevotellaceae这三种益生菌的水平升高,且可以改善小鼠的肠道功能,与其他组相比小鼠肠道的肠绒毛长度较长,肠壁厚度也较厚。CDPS给药同时可以减少衰老引起的海马神经元死亡。结论CDPS具有抗衰老作用,这种作用可能是因为其具有抗氧化作用,及其可以通过改善肠道功能,进而影响肠道菌群稳态,使Akkermansia muciniphila、Alloprevotella和Prevotellaceae这三种益生菌的水平升高而实现的,并且CDPS减少小鼠海马神经元死亡的作用也可能是CDPS抗衰老作用机制之一。Objective By studying the anti-aging effect of Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides(CDPS)in vivo,it aimed to explore the possible mechanisms underlying this anti-aging effect.Methods Seventy-five Kunming species(KM)mice aged 12 months were randomly divided into a blank control group(WT),a low-dose group of Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides(CDPS.L),a medium dose group of Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides(CDPS.M),a high-dose group of Cistanche deserti-cola polysaccharides(CDPS.H),and a positive drug group(P).The mice were given corresponding drugs or the same volume of distilled water by gavage until obvious signs of death appeared.The other mice that did not show obvious signs of death were uni-formly sampled 180 days after administration.The levels of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum were detected to observe the antioxidant effect of Cistanche deserticola polysaccha-rides.16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the structure of gut microbiota.The effects on cognitive ability and intestinal function of mice were observed through HE staining of pathological sections of the hippocampus and intestines.Results Compared with that o the WT group,the survival rate of the mice treated with CDPS was improved,and the effect of CDPS.M and CDPS.H groups was better than that of P group,but it was not significant.Compared with those of the WT group mice,the GSH-Px activ-ity and T-SOD activity of the CDPS groups were significantly increased,and the MDA levels in each treatment group were signif-icantly reduced compared to that in the WT group,and the GSH-Px activity of CDPS.H group was significantly improved com-pared to that in P group.CDPS can improve the intestinal microbiota homeostasis in mice,increase the levels of Akkermansia mu-ciniphila,Alloprevotella and Prevotellaceae probiotics,and improve intestinal function.Compared with those of the other groups,the intestinal villus length and wall thickness of mice were longer.CDPS also can reduce hippocamp

关 键 词：肉苁蓉多糖 衰老 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]