上海市闵行区社区家庭医生社会支持状况及支持利用度的影响因素分析  

Status of social support and influencing factors of support utilization among general practitioners in Minhang District of Shanghai

作　　者：刘帅[1] 徐娜 高立群 龙庆珍 慕永红 顾卫英[4] Liu Shuai;Xu Na;Gao Liqun;Long Qingzhen;Mu Yonghong;Gu Weiying(Section of Medical Affairs,Huacao Community Health Service Center of Minhang District,Shanghai 201107,China;Section of Medical Administration and Management,Minhang District Health Commission,Shanghai 201199,China;Administrative Office,Minhang District Health Commission,Shanghai 201199,China;Department of General Practice,Huacao Community Health Service Center of Minhang District,Shanghai 201107,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区华漕社区卫生服务中心医务科,上海201107 [2]上海市闵行区卫生健康委医政医管科,上海201199 [3]上海市闵行区卫生健康委办公室,上海201199 [4]上海市闵行区华漕社区卫生服务中心全科,上海201107

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2025年第3期288-295,共8页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：上海市“复旦-闵行”健康联合体科研项目(2020FM15,2024FM11)。

摘　　要：目的探索社区家庭医生社会支持状况及支持利用度的影响因素。方法该研究为横断面调查,于2023年2月采用单纯随机抽样在上海市闵行区抽取6所社区卫生服务中心,对在岗家庭医生开展问卷调查。问卷包括自行设计的基本信息、干预措施评价(情感支持、信息支持、工具支持)以及心理特质相关量表,后者包括社会支持量表(SSRS)、领悟社会支持量表、一般自我效能感量表、职业生活质量量表、特质应对方式量表和心理弹性量表。比较不同特征家庭医生的社会支持状况,分析其影响因素;探讨社会支持与领悟社会支持、特质应对方式的相关性;进一步分析支持利用度的影响因素。结果发放问卷184份,回收有效问卷184份,有效回收率100.00%。184名家庭医生中,社会支持程度一般者55名(29.89%)、满意者129名(70.11%);SSRS总分为(37.49±8.41)分,其中客观支持(9.67±3.42)分,主观支持(20.04±4.52)分,支持利用度(7.77±2.09)分。单因素分析显示,婚姻状况、有无子女、情感支持、信息支持、工具支持、积极应对、消极应对、心理弹性、共情疲劳、一般自我效能感、领悟社会支持状态不同的调查对象的社会支持程度存在差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,已婚、家庭关爱支持、职称技能支持和积极应对对于家庭医生社会支持度有正向影响,而消极应对有负向影响(P<0.05)。进一步的逐步多重线性回归分析显示,朋友支持、积极应对和家庭关爱是支持利用度的正向影响因素,消极应对是负向影响因素(P<0.05)。结论家庭医生的社会支持水平较高且影响因素多样,已婚、家庭关爱支持、职称技能支持以及积极应对是社会支持度的正向因素,朋友支持、积极应对和家庭关爱是支持利用度的正向因素。Objective To analyze the status of social support and the influencing factors of support utilization among general practitioners.Methods An investigation on the status of social support and the influencing factors of support utilization was conducted among general practitioners(GPs)from 6 communities in Shanghai Minhang District selected by simple sampling method in February 2023.The investigation included a questionnaire survey containing basic information and intervention measures(emotional support,information support,tool support);and assessments of the Social Support Rate Scale(SSRS),Perceived Social Support Scale,General Self-Efficacy Scale,Quality of Work Life Scale,Trait Coping Style Scale,and Psychological Resilience Scale.The association of social support status with various characteristics of GPs and their perceived social support and trait coping style was analyzed,and the influencing factors of social support utilization were determined.Results A total of 184 questionnaires were distributed and 184 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 100.00%.Among the 184 participants,55(29.89%)had a general level of social support,and 129(70.11%)were satisfied with their social support.The total score of SSRS was(37.49±8.41),with the objective support dimension scoring(9.67±3.42),subjective support scoring(20.04±4.52),and support utilization scoring(7.77±2.09).Univariate analysis showed significant differences in social support levels among respondents with different marital status,number of children,emotional support,informational support,instrumental support,positive coping,negative coping,psychological resilience,compassion fatigue,general self-efficacy,and perceived social support status(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that marital status,family support,professional skills,positive coping,and negative coping were independent influencing factors of social support.Among these factors,being married,having family care support,professional titles and skills

关 键 词：社会支持 社区卫生中心 家庭医生 支持利用度 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]