2019年至2022年安阳市医院感染现患率调查  

Survey on the Prevalence of Hospital Infections in Anyang City from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：郑国鹏 陈悦[1] 杨森 ZHENG Guopeng;CHEN Yue;YANG Sen(Infection Prevention and Control Department,Anyang People's Hospital,Anyang Henan 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳市人民医院感染防控科,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《临床研究》2025年第3期188-190,198,共4页Clinical Research

摘　　要：目的了解2019年至2022年安阳市不同规模医疗机构医院感染现患率、抗菌药物使用情况、治疗使用抗菌药物病原菌送检率及其变化趋势,为提高医院感染管理水平提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,利用床旁调查与查阅病历相结合的数据搜集方式,选择2019年7月15日至2022年11月30日期间安阳市人民医院、安阳市肿瘤医院等安阳市医疗机构,各医院在此期间自行选择1天(0:00至24:00)的住院患者为调查对象,进行医院感染现状调查,分析我市医疗机构内感染现患率、抗菌药物消耗率、病原菌样本送检率的年度趋势变化。结果2019年至2022年医院感染现患率分别为1.88%、1.67%、1.98%、1.46%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.899,P=0.005),总体呈下降趋势。社区感染现患率总体呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=71.227,P<0.001)。医院感染部位构成比第一位的是下呼吸道(48.25%),其次是泌尿道(9.65%)、上呼吸道(6.88%)、表浅手术切口(6.06%)。Ⅰ类手术部位感染现患率分别为1.05%、0.72%、0.69%、0.58%,总体呈下降趋势,但差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.724,P=0.632)。Ⅰ类手术患者预防使用抗菌药物率分别为32.42%、33.54%、31.11%、39.56%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.425,P<0.001)。治疗使用抗菌药物病原菌培养送检率分别为40.15%、43.70%、63.21%、50.43%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=357.986,P<0.001),总体呈上升趋势。结论2019年至2022年安阳市医院感染现患率呈下降趋势,Ⅰ类手术患者预防使用抗菌药物率呈上升趋势,应加强对抗菌药物合理应用督导工作;治疗使用抗菌药物病原菌培养送检率总体呈上升趋势,说明提高住院患者抗菌药物治疗前送检率工作取得一定成效。Objective To understand the prevalence of hospital infections,the use of antimicrobial agents,and the rate of pathogen specimen submission in various healthcare institutions in Anyang City from 2019 to 2022,providing a reference basis for improving the management level of hospital infections.Methods A cross-sectional survey method was employed,combining bedside surveys with medical record reviews to collect data on all hospitalized patients in Anyang People's Hospital,Anyang Oncology Hospital,and other medical institutions in Anyang City from July 15,2019,to November 30,2022.The survey analyzed the annual trends of infection prevalence,antimicrobial consumption rates,and pathogen specimen submission rates within the city's medical institutions.Results The prevalence rates of hospital infections from 2019 to 2022 were 1.88%,1.67%,1.98%,and 1.46%,respectively,with a statistically significant difference(χ²=12.899,P=0.005),showing an overall downward trend.In contrast,the prevalence rate of community infections showed an overall upward trend,with a statistically significant difference(χ²=71.227,P<0.005).The most common sites of hospital infections were the lower respiratory tract(48.25%),followed by the urinary tract(9.65%),upper respiratory tract(6.88%),and superficial surgical incisions(6.06%).The prevalence rates of surgical site infections in Class I surgeries were 1.05%,0.72%,0.69%,and 0.58%,respectively,showing a downward trend,but the differences were not statistically significant(χ²=1.724,P=0.632).The rate of prophylactic antimicrobial use in Class I surgical patients were 32.42%,33.54%,31.11%,and 39.56%,with statistically significant differences(χ²=20.425,P<0.001).The rates of pathogen culture submission for treatment with antimicrobial agents were 40.15%,43.70%,63.21%,and 50.43%,respectively,showing statistically significant differences(χ²=357.986,P<0.001),and an overall upward trend.Conclusion From 2019 to 2022,the prevalence of hospital infections in Anyang City showed a downward trend,while the

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]